英语高考阅读文章,英语高考阅读文章素材选择依据是什么

1.2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结

2.哪些英语高考阅读理解的文章出自于a brochure

3.高考英语阅读理解解题技巧全攻略

4.高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

5.2018年11月浙江高考英语阅读B篇分析

6.2018年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解D

7.请帮我翻译一篇高考英语阅读理解题文章

最近，显然成功的，通过预测厄尔尼诺现象出现的一个数学模型 - 温暖的海洋流周期性沿南美洲太平洋沿岸的研究人员开发出具有兴奋。雅各比耶克内斯在几年前指出如何大风或可能造成不正常或异常温暖的冷水中东部赤道（赤道附近的）太平洋。然而，在这些模型的建立，没有人能够解释为什么要经常变化的条件之间的温暖厄尔尼诺和所谓的反厄尔尼诺亮相。答案，至少如果目前的模式，联系了海洋对大气的行为是正确的，是要在海洋中发现。

人们早就知道，在一个厄尔尼诺现象，有两种情况：异常暖水延伸到东部的西沿太平洋和打击到温暖的风在温水中东部上升气流。该模型的贡献就是表明，厄尔尼诺，这使人们在东方海上的水平，风信号发送到西部，同时降低海平面。根据该模型，这个信号被创建为一个负（负的）Rossby波，低海平面的波动，即在25向西移动平行于赤道到每天85公里。以个月穿越太平洋，Rossby波游行至太平洋盆地，这是建模为内壁光滑，但在现实中的西部边界的相当不规则岛链组成。

当波浪满足西部边界，他们反映，该模型预测，Rossby波将成为许多沿海开尔文带着同样的消极海平面信号波打破。这些对最终拍摄赤道，然后向东沿头部由地球驱车在约250公里的速度每天赤道。当有足够多足够的幅度（振幅）开尔文波从西太平洋到达，但其负面海平面信号克服了反馈机制，提高海平面，他们开始开车到对面的冷模系统。这就产生了风，最终将派遣一个积极的海平面Rossby波向西，波浪，最终将返回为冷周期 - 积极开尔文波结束另一个开始逐渐变暖周期变化。

2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结

2018·全国Ⅰ卷

定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件，内容包括：

1. 到达时间；

2. 合适的礼物；

3. 餐桌礼仪。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Terry,

How

are you doing? In your last letter, you asked me about being a guest to

a Chinese friend’s home. Now, I am writing to inform you of some

relevant details.

To begin with, according to our tradition, you

are supposed to arrive early, so that you can help the family prepare

the dinner, which is meaningful and interesting. Besides, you’d better

bring some gifts, like a book or a Chinese knot. What’s more, when you

are enjoying the meal, you need to oid making noises while chewing

food.

Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you. I he the confidence that you will he a great time.

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 全国Ⅱ卷

你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括：

1. 短片内容：学校的发展；

2. 放映时间、地点；

3. 欢迎对短片提出意见。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Notice

In

order to he a better understanding of our school, an outstanding

English short movie about our school will be shown in the library from

2:30 to 4:00 in the afternoon on June 9th. It is organized by the

Student Union. Here are some relevant details about it.

To begin

with, the name of the movie is Growing Together, which is about the

development of our beloved school. As we all expect, it will be not only

meaningful but also interesting. What’s more, everyone of you will be

welcome to take part (participate) in it, enjoying the movie, hing a

heated discussion afterwards and giving your own comments.

The Student UnionJune

2018 · 全国III卷

定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter 来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：

1. 学校的体育场馆；

2. 主要的运动项目；

3. 你喜欢的项目。

注意：

1. 词数100左右：

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Peter,

I

am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last

letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following

information may give you a rough sketch.

To begin with, a fabulous

new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our

school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports

events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as

running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated

with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the

challenges in my life.

All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第一节

设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

1. 表示欢迎；

2. 推荐他上哪所大学；

3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。

注意：1. 词数不少于50；

2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

满分范文

Dear Jim,

I’m

so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last

letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am

sure you will he the most unforgettable experience during your

college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese

culture, I suggest you ly for Peking University, one of the best

universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you

where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich

culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The

Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be

helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.

I

sincerely hope your dream will come true and it’s my pleasure to show

you around in Beijing when that day comes. If you he further

questions, please feel free to let me know.

Yours,

Li Hua

2018 · 北京卷 · 第二节

设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。

注意：词数不少于60。

满分范文

Last

week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the

authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.

On

arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the

unique tea pots and tea cups. I ge them a vivid and informative

introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich

variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their

interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.

In

order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the

traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of

mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique

culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.

Next

came the moment when I asked them to he a try themselves. Washing the

tea pots, adding tea lees, and pouring water into the cups, they

followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea

culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.

At

the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a

picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that

traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value.

And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over

the world.

2018·浙江卷·第一节 应用文写作

定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：

1. 口语能力：

2. 相关经验；

3. 应聘目的。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

满分范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

My name is Li Hua. And I am writing to ly for being a volunteer of our school English association.　　

I

he a good command of English and he been to the USA twice. So I can

communicate well with native speakers of English. What’s more, I am

kind and friendly to other people. So I can easily get along with

foreign students.

I’m particularly interested in this job because I

want to further improve my oral English capabilities and interpersonal

communication skills.

Hopefully I can receive your acceptance.

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

2018·浙江卷·第二节 读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before. He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West.

We

took a plane to Albuquerque, a big city in the state of New Mexico. We

reached Albuquerque in the late afternoon. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend,

picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.

His

wife Tina cooked us a delicious dinner and we got to know his sons Ryan

and Kyle. My dad and I spent the night in the guestroom of the farm

house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.

Very early in the morning, Uncle Paul woke us up to he breakfast. 'The

day starts at dawn on my farm,' he said. After breakfast, I went to

help Aunt Tina feed the chickens. while my dad went with Uncle Paul to

take the sheep out to graze(吃草). I was impressed to see my dad and Uncle

Paul riding horses. They looked really cool.

In the afternoon, I

asked Uncle Paul if I could take a hose ride, and he said yes, as long

as my dad went with me. I wasn’t going to take a horse ride by myself

anyway. So, my dad and I put on our new cowboy hats, got on our horses,

and headed slowly tow

ards

the mountains. 'Don’t be late for supper,' Uncle Paul cried, 'and keep

to the track so that you don’t get lost!' 'OK! ' my dad cried back.

After a while Uncle Paul and his fam house were out of sight. It was so

peaceful and quiet and the colors of the brown rocks, the deep green

pine trees, and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene. It

looked like a beautiful woven(编织的）blanket spread out upon the ground

just for us.

Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.

注意：

（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

（2）至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：

（3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

（4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph

1: Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

Paragraph

2: We had no idea where we were and it was getting

dark._______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

满分范文

Paragraph 1

Suddenly

a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse. Instinctively, I

yelled out loud, pulling back the reins hard in order to stop the horse

from hurting the little creature. Badly startled by the sudden incident,

the horse sped off the track into another direction. Dad followed

closely behind, calling out to tell me how to soothe the terrified horse

and I did as told. Finally, the horse calmed down, but we seemed to get

lost, unable to go back to the mountain road.

Paragraph 2

We

had no idea where we were and it was getting dark. Wandering around, we

were still stuck in the dilemma. Much to our delight, the sound of

water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the

riverbank. Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may

lead us to the farm house and nothing seemed better than that. Time

eared to be merrier and shorter when I stayed together with Dad and

before long, the farm house came into sight. What a thrilling but

memorable experience it was!

2018 · 天津卷

设你是晨光中学的机器人兴趣小组组长李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校，他曾在机器人技能竞赛中获奖。你打算邀请他加入你的团队，参加即将于7月底在天津举行的世界青少学机器人技能竞赛。请根据以下提示代表兴趣小组给他写一封电子邮件。

（1）比赛的时间、地点；

（2）邀请他的原因；

（3）训练将发送其邮箱，请他提出建议。

注意：

（1）词数不少于100；

（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇

世界青少年机器人技能竞赛 the World Adolescent Robotics Competition

Dear Chris,

I he good news to tell you.

I’m looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

满分范文

Dear Chris,

I

he good news to tell you. Targeted at cultivating the agers’

interest in scientific exploration and encouraging more students to

throw themselves into research, a competition, titled the World

Adolescent Robotics Competition, will take place in the Children’s

palace Tianjin in the late July. The competition offers adolescents a

good chance to show their talents and initiative and learn from each

other meanwhile.

I am eager to invite you to join our team for

the upcoming event, in which you will demonstrate your ability and make

acquaintance of more friends with the same interest. As far as I know,

you he proved yourself by carrying off some prizes in the previous

competitions. Impressed by your teamwork spirit and talent in this

field, I am confident that you will love the challenge and our team. By

working in a group, we are able to overcome our weaknesses by acquiring

others' strong points as well as double our achievements.

If you

are interested in it, please let me know and I will deliver the training

program to your online mailbox. It would be fantastic if you could

bring up your advice, which is bound to be of great use for us. I’m

looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Jin

2018 · 江苏卷

请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。

Li Jiang 6 July, Sunny

Our

family will go on a trip next month and need a suitcase. Two days ago,

Mom asked me to find relevant information on the internet. But the

information I got was rich and varied, or even contradictory. Confused, I

simply based my decision on the ratings. Within five minutes, we

ordered the one we were satisfied with. This afternoon, Mom received the

case and told me she liked it very much.

Su Hua 6 July, Sunny

This

morning, our family went out, hanging round in the downtown area. We

found a rating of the Top Ten Restaurants, and went into one of them. We

spent quite a lot of money, but were not hy. Mom complained a lot,

and said that despite its high ratings, the food was not to our taste. I

was puzzled. Should I believe in these ratings, or should I not?

写作内容

1. 用约30个词概括上述利用排名（ratings）进行消费的现象；

2. 谈谈你如何看待消费排名，然后用2-3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。

写作要求

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3. 不必写标题。

评分标准

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

满分范文一

As

a major channel of consumption information, the rating is an efficient

source of information for shopping in our own consumption.

Interestingly, the same rating may he different influences on

different consumers.

I tend to consult consumption ratings

whatever I purchase. Firstly, the higher rating means the higher quality

of the product, or better service. Based on the ratings, I bought my

beloved backpack, saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.

Secondly, ratings can se time to make decisions in shopping. For

example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often

confused to choose from. In that case, it is both convenient and

economical to buy books according to the ratings.

There is no

dou that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in

consumption. The advantages and disadvantages of ratings are often

closely related. It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards

ratings.

满分范文二

Nowadays,

most commodities or services are rated through certain channels. These

ratings, easy to access, are playing an increasingly important role in

customers' purchase decision. However, results are sometimes

unsatisfactory.

There is no denying that such ratings might bring

convenience to consumers, but they are often misleading and unreliable.

As we all know, most of the ratings are based on others’ judgment on the

product or service concerned. Every judgment comes from a specific need

or a unique psychological state. Apparently, blindly following others'

advice will affect our own judgment. Another fact should not be

neglected that some of the ratings are the outcome of a careful

manipulation of companies or sellers. It has become a common practice

for some to pay for good ratings on their products or services so as to

increase their sales.

Therefore, we should give a second thought to these ratings whenever we go shopping.

哪些英语高考阅读理解的文章出自于a brochure

　阅读是外语学习者获取语言知识和提高语言能力的主要途径,阅读理 解能力是衡量学习者外语水平的重要指标。一起做一下阅读理解训练吧。下面是我为大家推荐的2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结，仅供大家参考!

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结一

　I found out one time that doing a for for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were hing a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I hened to he an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

　Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could lee. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

　Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a for by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.

　1. The story took place exactly ____ .

　A. in the teacher?s office B. in an exam room

　C. in the school D. in the language lab

　2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .

　A. she had not brought a pen with her B. she had lost her own on her way to school

　C. there was something wrong with her wn D. her own had been taken away by someone

　3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .

　A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whispering

　C. to lee the room immediately D. to stay behind after the exam

　4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .

　A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above

　5. The boy knew everything ____ .

　A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honesty

　C. only some time later D. when he was walking out of the room

　I found out one time that doing a for for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were hing a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I hened to he an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

　我发现一个时间，做一个人能给你带来很多麻烦。当时我在第八年级，我们有一个最后的考验。在测试期间，坐在我旁边的女孩低声说了些什么，但我不明白。我倚在她的方式，发现她想问我是否有额外的笔。她发现她是我的墨水用完，不会写。我碰巧有一个额外的，所以我把它从我的口袋里，放在她的办公桌上。

　Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could lee. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

　后来，已经变成了试卷，老师让我呆在房间里时，所有其他的学生被开除。当我们单独在一起，她开始跟我谈什么是成长;她说，站在自己的两只脚，并负责是多么重要(负责任)为自己的行为。很长一段时间，她谈到诚实，并强调这一事实，当人们做一些不诚实的，他们真的欺骗自己。她让我保证，我会认真考虑所有的事情她说，然后她告诉我我可以离开。我走出房间问她为什么选择了跟我说所有这些事情。

　Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a for by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.

　后来，我发现她认为我在考试中了。当她看到我瘦了跟我旁边的女孩，好像我是从复制的女孩的试卷答案。我试图解释的笔，但她可以说是它似乎非常奇怪，她说我还没有谈到任何关于笔的一天，她跟我就在考试后。即使我试图解释说我只是做女孩的忙，让她用我的笔，我相信她仍然认为，我在考试中了。

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结二

　To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

　Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.

　The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.

　A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play： they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.

　I he known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.

　1. What is the text about ?

　A. How to become a good teacher.

　B. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.

　C. What teachers and actors could learn from each other.

　D. The similarities(相似处) and differences between a teacher?s work and an actor?s.

　2. The word ?audience? in the fourth paragraph means ____ .

　A. students B. people who watch a play

　C. people who not on the stage D. people who listen to something

　3. A good teacher ____ .

　A. knows how to hold the interest of his students B. must he a good voice

　C. knows how to act on the stage D. stands or sits still while teaching

　4. In what way is a teacher?s work different from an actor?s ?

　A. The teacher must learn everything by heart .

　B. He knows how to control his voice better than an actor .

　C. He has to deal with unexpected situations .

　D. He has to use more facial expressions .

　5. The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ____.

　A. students can move around in the classroom

　B. students must keep silent while theatre audience needn?t

　C. no memory work is needed for the students

　D. the students must take part in their teachers? plays

　6. Why is it that some good teachers are unable to play well on the stage ?

　A. Nobody has taught them how to act on the stage .

　B. Their audiences are different .

　C. It is impossible for them to do so much memory work .

　D. They are not used to repeating exactly the same words .

　7. Which of the following is true ?

　A. Teachers he to learn by heart what they are going to say in class .

　B. A teacher cannot decide beforehand what exactly he is going to say in class .

　C. A teacher must speak louder than an actor .

　D. A teacher must he a better memory than an actor .

　To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

　要成为一个好老师，你需要一些好演员的天赋;你必须能够抓住观众的注意力和兴趣;你必须是一个明确的扬声器，具有良好的，强有力的，悦耳的声音完全在你的控制之下;你必须能够按照你的教学，以明确其含义。

　Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.

　看一个好老师，你会看到，他不坐他的课前，他代表整个时间他是教学;他走，用他的胳膊，手和手指来帮助他解释，他的脸表达感情。听他的，你会听到声音，质量(音色)和音乐注意到他的声音总是按照他所说的。

　The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.

　事实上，一个好老师有一些好演员并不意味着礼物，他一定能够在舞台上表演好，有教师和演员的工作的。他说的话他熟记于心的很重要的差别;他必须准确地重复同样的话每次他扮演某个角色，甚至他的动作，他用自己的发音方式都是事先确定的(预先)。他所要做的是让这些用心学习的言语和行动似乎自然的舞台上。

　A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play： they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.

　一个好老师的工作相当不同的方式。他的听众积极参与他的表演：他们提问和回答问题，他们服从命令，如果他们不理解的东西，他们这么说。老师必须满足听众的需要，这是他的学生。他不能了解他的心，但必须把它作为他走。

　I he known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.

　我知道有许多老师在课堂上是优秀的演员却不能在舞台上扮演角色，因为他们不能严格按照别人所写的。

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结三

　The Doctor?s Call

　There was ice on the road, and the doctor?s car hit a tree and turned over three times. To his surprise, he was not hurt. He got out of the car and walked to the nearest house. He wanted to telephone the garage (汽车修理站) for help. The door was opened by one of his patients.

　?Oh, Doctor.? she said, ?I he only just telephoned you. You must he a very fast car. You he got here very quickly indeed. There has been a very bad accident (事故) in the road outside. I saw it through the window. I am sure the driver will need your help.?

　1. Where was the doctor going in his car?

　A. We don?t know. B. To a patient?s home.

　C. To a garage. D. To his own home.

　2. Which of the following was the cause of the accident?

　A. Careless driving. B. A tree had fallen across the road.

　C. A slippery (滑) road. D. There was a thick fog.

　3. The doctor went to the house because

　A. he knew one of his patients lived there.

　B. he had received a call to go there.

　C he wanted to use the telephone.

　D. he was injured (受伤) and could walk no further.

　4. Why did the woman patient telephone the doctor?

　A. She needed medical treatment.

　B. She believed somebody else needed a doctor.

　C. To ask how quickly the doctor could come.

　D. To ask whether the doctor was coming on his regular visit.

　5. How did the woman feel on opening the door and seeing the doctor?

　A. She had been expecting the doctor, but was surprised that he had come so quickly.

　B. She had not expected the doctor and wondered why he had come.

　C. She felt glad that the doctor was not hurt in the accident.

　D. She was alarmed (惊慌) at seeing the doctor in a bad state after the accident.

　6. Which of the following is the most likely reply the doctor ge the woman patient at the end

　of the story?

　A. ?Yes, he does need help-your help, not mine.?

　B. ?Another accident? I?ve just had an accident myself!?

　C. ?I got your call and rushed over. I hope I?m not too late.

　D. ?I didn?t get your call. But I?m here and hope I can help.?

　路上有冰，和医生的车撞上一棵树，翻了三倍。让他吃惊的是，他没有受伤。他下了车，走到最近的房子。他想打电话车库(汽车修理站)帮助。门被他的一个病人开。

　?哦，医生。?她说，?我刚刚给你打电话。你必须有一个非常快的车。你有在这里的确很快。有一个非常坏的事故(事故)在道路以外。我透过窗户看见它。我相信司机会需要你的帮助。?

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧全攻略

2019年全国英语1卷的阅读理解分别来自于《新闻周刊》，《纽约时报》，《旅游杂志》等媒体杂志或报纸。

abrochure是小册子的意思。可见高考英语全国卷的阅读理解具有时效性和真实性。此外，它的体裁大部分的特征是A篇B篇为应用文和记叙文，C篇D篇为话题不同的说明文。

高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

#英语# 导语为了让同学们被少扣分甚至不扣分， 考 网总结了高考英语阅读理解题型的超详细解题技巧和方法，高考来啦，快快收藏起来好好研究吧！

阅读理解

通过详细分析历年高考英语试卷，我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等），词义猜测题。英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的。

一、 主旨大意题

这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。

1.归纳标题题

特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。常见命题形式有：

What’s the best title for the text?

The best title for this passage is ___.

Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

2. 概括大意题

包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常见命题形式有：

What is the general/main idea of the passage？ Which of the following expresses the main idea？ What is the subject discussed in the text?

BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ？

解题技巧

阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文 ，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。

位于段首 ：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系；如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。

位于段尾 ：有些文章会在开头列举事实, 然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。因此，如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征。如果它具备主题句的特征，段落的主题思想就很容易确定了。一般说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分利用引出结论的信号词。如so，therefore，thus，consequently；in conclusion，in short；in a word, to sum up等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。当无明显的此类信号时，学生可在段落的最后一句话前面添加一个引出结论的信号词，以确定其是否是主题句。

位于段中 ：有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。这种文章的主题句往往会在段落中间出现。归纳起来主要有两种情况：先提出问题，然后给予回答(主题句)，最后给予解释；或者，先提出问题，然后点出主题思想(主题句)，最后给予解释。

首尾呼应 ：主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。这两个主题句叙说的是同一个内容，但用词不尽相同，这样不但强调了主题思想，而且显得灵活多变。这两个句子并非简单重复，后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述，或对要点作一概括，或使之引申留给读者去思考。

无明确主题句：找关键词（出现频率较高）, 归纳总结。

注意

新题型中有一个选项是干扰项，解答此类题时同学易犯以下三种错误：

（1）表述过于片面，只涵盖该段个别细节；

（2）表述太过于笼统，已经超出该段的内容；

（3）表述与段落内容无关，在段落中找不到相关依据

二、细节理解题

考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。

1.事实细节题→寻读法

分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有：

What can we learn from the passage?

All the following are mentioned except

Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?

Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?

2. 排列顺序题→首尾定位法 （找出第一个和最后一个，用排除法缩小范围）

常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按发生的顺序。常见命题形式有：

Which of the following is the correct order of…? Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?

3. 图文匹配题→按图索骥理清线索

设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。

4. 数字计算题→ （方法：审题→带着问题找细节→对比、分析、计算）

可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。

三、推理判断题

主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断，包括考生对作者观点的理解，态度的判断，对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干关键词：infer(推断),

indicate(象征，暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出结论), assume(定，设想).

1.细节推理判断题

一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断，常见命题形式有：

It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.

The author implies/ suggests that_____.

We may infer that _________.

Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?

2.预测推理判断题

根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测，常见命题形式有： What do you think will hen if/when…?

At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____

3.推测文章来源或读者对象

常见命题形式有：

The passage is probably take out of_____

The passage would most likely be found in_____

Where does this text probably come from?

4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题

作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。

询问写作目的的题，选项里常出现的词 是：explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize(批评), entertain(), demonstrate(举例说明), argue(辩论), tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。

询问语气态度的题，选项里 常出现的词 是：neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-of-fact(实事求是的), pessimistic(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的), critical(批评的), douful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disointed(失望的)。

常见命题形式有：

The purpose of the text is_____

What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____

What is the author’s attitude towards…?

What is the author’s opinion on…?

The author’s tone in this passage is _____.

解答技巧

推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。

①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。

四、词义猜测题

考点：

①猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义

②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义

③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有：

The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.

The word “it/they” in the last sentence refers to______.

The word “…”（Line 6. para.2）probably means ______.

The word “…”（Line 6. para.2）could best be replaced by which of the following?

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…” ?

解答技巧

1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词

首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。

例如：You shouldn't he blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault. 通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。

2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词

通过同义词猜词 ，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如hy and *，即使我们不认识*这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思；二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。

通过反义词猜词 ，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等；二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。

3.通过构词法猜词

根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如：She is unlikely to he stolen the money. ( “un”含否定意义，故为“不太可能”之意。)

4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义

例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。

5.通过句法功能来推测词义

例如：Bananas，oranges，pineles，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.如pineles和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineles，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。

6.通过描述猜词

描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。

7. 根据常识猜词

如：The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.（lintel “过梁”。）

Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.（tiptoed “踮着脚走，蹑手蹑脚”）

七选五

高考阅读理解信息匹配的7选5题型，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。

从题型和内容我们可以看出 ，选项可分为：

a.主旨概括句（文章整体内容）

b.过渡性句子（文章结构）

c.注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。

其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。

高考英语阅读七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握，并具备运用语法知识分析理解长难句的能力。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试。

一、解题思路

1、理清句际间的关系

文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。

构成语段的各个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。

因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段或全文的内容。

2、找出句子之间的连接性的词语

文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系有：

承接关系（如 so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等）

平列关系（如first, second, third…; firstly, secondly, thirdly…; first, next, then…; in the first place, in the second place…; for one thing, for another thing…;to begin with, to conclude 等）。如文中的选项 71，由 Second、Third 得知应选表示平列关系的句子 G.项。

转折关系（如 however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever,whatever on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise 等）。比如选项 75，与前句构成了转折关系，故应选 D 项答案。

层递关系（如 also, further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addition, what’s more, too, either, neither,not…but…, not only…but also 等）。如 72 选项，与前句组合为层递关系，故应选包含 also 的 E.项句子。

解释关系，如 73 选项应选 F.选项，与 74 选项平等的，是一组祈示句，而非陈述句，故应选 A.项而非 B项。

二、解题步骤

1、通读全文

在 阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是 全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义， 如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考 虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意，首段与末段的提示作用。

2、详读段落

在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。

文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词

在阅读文章的开始部分、明确文章的基本话题以后，要阅读五个空各自的前后句，并将前后句中的解题线索，即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。

重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应基本清楚了。

3、定位选项

明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。

在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。

一篇文章作为一个整体，是有其写作的线索与思路的，在选项定位中，要尤其注意文章的写作线索，文章的写作思路的连贯使文章的每个段落、每个句子甚至每个短语均融为一体。如果带入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。

4、通读复检

将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。

在 完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路 是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相 近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。

5、确定排除

研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。

尽管答案都已经确定，但是为了避免失误，对多余的选项进行进一步的研究，确定它们和文章的主题和前后句意没有关联性之后，才是最终的结果。

2018年11月浙江高考英语阅读B篇分析

高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

　导语：高考复习的重点一是要掌握所有的知识点，二就是要大量的做题，以下是我为大家精心整理的高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧，欢迎大家参考！

　 阅读理解之主旨大意题

　我们阅读一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明确其主旨。因此， 主旨大意题是常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。广东高考近几年来考查过的题目中mainly about只考过4题，title题考了5题， purpose题考了5题。

　 解题技巧

　 1.弄清文章的大意， 关键是找到主题句。

　主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应， 有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。

　 2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即

　快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。找主题句的四个小窍门：

　(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时， 该句很可能是主题句。

　(2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。

　(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。

　(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。

　 3.关于干扰项和正确答案。

　(1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些 (不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。

　(2)正确答案：是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。

　 4.在阅读理解中，主旨大意题常有以下几种命题方式： (1)Main idea型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的.句子。题干多为如下形式：

　①What's the main idea/point of the passage?

　②The passage is mainly about________.

　③The passage is mainly concerned about________.

　④Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　⑤Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?

　⑥In this passage the author discusses primarily______.

　⑦The subject discussed in this text is________.

　⑧The general/main idea of the passage is about________.

　(2)Main purpose型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题干形式：

　①What's the purpose of the passage?

　②The passage is meant to________.

　③The purpose of the article is to________.

　④In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________.

　⑤The passage tells us that________.

　⑥The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ...

　(3)标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式：

　①The best title of the passage is________.

　②Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

　③The best title for the passage is________.

　④The most ropriate title of the passage is________.

　In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes hens with humans also. But I he found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I he discovered that it makes them hy.

　 典型例析

　From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to oid showing our weakness...But only when we stop

　pretending we're bre or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.

　30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　A.A Wheelchair Experience.

　B.Weakness and Kindness.

　C.Weakness and Strength.

　D.A Driving Experience

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了表转折的But...可知，“But I he found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。

　 答案：B

　In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable

　products.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

　Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries....In recent years the markets for sustainable products he grown by more than 50%.

　45.What is the main purpose of the passage?

　A.To introduce a new business model.

　B.To compare two business models.

　C.To predict a change of the global market.

　D.To advocate sustainable development.

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways”是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进

　行解释;句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句“Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries”进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D。

　 答案：D

　Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much. While the expression may not often

　be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.

　30.What is the best title of the passage?

　A.He a Nice Day — a Social Custom

　B.He a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture

　C.He a Nice Day — a Heartwarming Greeting

　D.He a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation

　解析：主旨大意题。由该段的第一句(特别是custom一词)可知。

　 答案：A

　(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination

　…

　It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.

　30.What is the purpose of the passage?

　A.To tell us an interesting story.

　B.To help us make right decisions.

　C.To advise us to care about children.

　D.To encourage us to use our imagination.

　解析：主旨大意题。由文章首句Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear和全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们运用我们的想象力。

　 答案：D

;

2018年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解D

摘要

高考英语试题整体题型结构当中，阅读理解回答问题（包括本文将要评述的阅读理解四选一试题）占据高考试卷相当的比例。一线教学当中也会使用此类试题作为评价英语学习的方式，那么如何判断一篇英语阅读理解试题的优劣呢？本文以2819年11月浙江高考英语阅读理解B篇作为实例来进行客观分析。

文章首句22个词。并非是一个短句。而且句中没有生僻词汇，也没有复杂句式。但是却没有出现本文的主题词汇summer vacation 。却巧妙地运用了forget about classroom bells and set off for grandparents homes, sleep-away camps and lifeguard stands这样的描述，引出了下面可能的主题。此处正常来说不会设立命题点，因为单从本句看，没有命题点需要的支撑信息。甚至读者也可以跃过此句直接阅读下文，因为接下来的but summer vacation 提示主题内容开始描述了。首句中可以通过阅读学习的短语为forget about ，set off for，sleep－away camps，life guard stands。如此处欲命题的话可以命制一个简单推断题，但是干扰项不好设计。而此句在写作情感上属于比较欢快的文字，用于句首平衡了文章在语意上的表达风格。

接下来But引出的转折意义并非是首句的直接转折而是引出本文的核心阐述脉络。以三个关键转折时间点为依托，突出summer vacation 的发展历程，以及每一个阶段的特点。也就是说从此处开始文章主要以时间顺序来描述。层层递进。

第一个时间点Before the civil war ，关键信息neither of which included a summer vacation ，rural ，urban……。此处命题人命制24题：

24. What did the rural school calendar before the Civil War allow children to do?

A. Enjoy a summer vacation.

B. Take a break each quarter.

C. He 48 weeks of study a year.

D. Assist their parents with farm work.

本套试卷阅读理解部分命题人均用了问答式提问。大约看了一下提问风格，没有特别的测试学角度意义，应该只是命题人的个人喜好而已。本题题干部分信息很完整了，个人甚至认为因为题干信息提示过多，这条题目的干扰项会是一种“倾向于绕脑的考查”，而不是纯粹的对文章主题信息的理解程度的考查。看选项，BC项是描述当时的urban school 相应情况的，所以题干限制在rural上，A项的设置还是比较好的，有对于文中信息neither of which 部分的一个理解误判的可能性。答案是D项。

接下来是时间标志词in the 1840s，而命题人也是根据三个时间发展段的相关信息来设计命题点的。文章脉络没有特殊分析价值，看试题25题干依然是全包含具体信息题干，关键词educational reformers ，in the 1840s，基本就完全制约限制了读者的思维，只需要根据提示回读原文信息即可。此题的特点是，选项B项的设置为原文信息第一段Rural(农村的）schooling was divided into summer and winter terms, leing kids free to help with the farm work in the spring planting and fall harvest seasons.和本段中that rural schooling was not enough ，甚至可以说直接根据后者就可以否定，这种干扰项命题方式属于民间所说的原文信息反面paraphrase ，既然not enough，自然不能再shortenen 了，此干扰项的设置还可以算作阅读理解范围内的可能误判而出现的信息误差点，尽管选项内容和题干内容的信息提示都过度具体，但是可以接受。C项在原文信息链中是不存在相关信息支持的。从原文介绍summer vacation 到此处promote the study of farming，基本没有逻辑和思维关联性。原文提示farming calendar 是改革的措施之一。D项也是“张冠李戴”式的干扰项设置，原文it offered a rest for teachers，而rest则在summer vacation 的信息链条上。这就是信息链条紧密结合相关主题的阅读模式，可以有助于此类阅读理解命题的理解和解答。答案A。A项的确认可以从文章发展脉络以及第二段整体信息可以推测出来，也就是“先无后有”，而通过常识也知道summer vacation 是存在的了。

25. What did the educational reformers do in the 1840s?

A. They introduced summer vacation.

B. They shortened rural school terms.

C. They promoted the study of farming.

D. They advocated higher pay for teachers.

按照时间发展顺序看接下来一段信息，modern age，为了便于直观理解把本段内容复制过来：But people's opinion about the modern U.S.school year, which erages 180 days,is still divided. Some experts say its pleasant but lazy summer break, which took hold in the early 20th century, is one of the reasons math skills and graduation rates of U.S. high schoolers ranked well below erage in two international education reports published in 2007. Others insist that with children under increasing pressure to devote their downtime to internships（实习）or study, there's still room for an institution that protects the lazy days of childhood.看段落衔接词But从语篇分析角度这是一个对于之前信息的转折，也就是说，上面的信息内容传递的核心含义在此段会有转折性的表述，此处以people’s opinion 的形式出现，而首句中的180days，school year暗示期也是180days，根据逻辑解读判断，此期时间是比较长的。而此句当中divided的运用说明相关观点是有分歧的，所以26题当中提到了some people unhy 也就是其中一部分人的观点。看接下来的一个长句Some experts say its pleasant but lazy summer break, which took hold in the early 20th century, is one of the reasons math skills and graduation rates of U.S. high schoolers ranked well below erage in two international education reports published in 2007. 首先作者用了expers的观点，且提到了two international education reports published in 2007，作者如此写作的目的是为了证明观点的权威性，增加可信度。pleasant but lazy 即可以根据紧接着的举例而肯定所要强调的是lazy带来的后果。此句尽管略长，但没有影响阅读的生僻词汇和句式，所以基本可以掌握传递的信息。到此处可以完成26题：

26. Why are some people unhy about the modern U. S. school year?

A. It pushes the teachers too hard.

B. It reduces the quality of education

C. It ignores science instruction.

D. It includes no time for internships.

因为接下来文章最后的观点属于解决问题的办法，所以和26题关联不大。此题的作答最佳方法就是直接从题目到原文到正确答案。不要细致琢磨干扰项，因为正确答案可以直接判断，防止被干扰和节约作答时间。答案为B。

简要总结：

本文文本选取还是可以的，内容为中学生相关，且具有跨文化差异性，可以了解美国中学summer vacation 的相关信息。文章写作风格比较平铺直叙，按照时间顺序进行罗列，因此结构比较清晰，围绕核心话题论述比较紧凑，信息链明确。但由于文章风格是细节描述非常多，所以留给读者的深层次阅读和推理审辨阅读理解的空间不大。命题人全部设置了完全细节问答模式，把阅读者思维限制在局限范围内。题目设置优点在于干扰项的设置，大多比较巧妙（通俗说比较绕），避免了细节题目可能的弱干扰或者无效干扰。本篇作答特点是题干——原文——正确答案。尽量减少在干扰项上的徘徊。

请帮我翻译一篇高考英语阅读理解题文章

We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

我们可能认为，在我们的文化中，一看到崭新的事物就会摒弃我们的旧技术，但一项新的研究表明，当旧设备过时了之后我们仍然继续使用。这对于环境和我们的钱包来说是个坏消息，因为这些过时的设备做同样的事情要比新设备消耗更多的能源。

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 19. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

为了弄清楚这些设备的耗电量，纽约罗切斯特理工学院的卡莉·巴比特和她的同事跟踪了每种产品在其整个生命周期内造成的环境代价——从原料开到停止使用该设备。这一方法提供了自20世纪90年代初以来家庭能源使用的变化数据。不同的年代出现了不同的设备。台式计算机、最初的移动电话和盒式电视定义了1992年。19年，数码相机问世。2002年MP3播放器、智能手机和液晶电视进入家庭，2007年平板电脑和电子阅读器问世。

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you he a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The erage number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

然而，当我们积累了更多的设备时，我们并没有扔掉我们的旧设备。一位研究人员说：“客厅的电视更换后放在孩子们的房间里，突然有一天，家里每个房间都有一台电视”。每个家庭拥有的电子设备平均数量从1992年的4台增加到2007年的13台。我们不仅保留了这些旧设备，我们还继续使用它们。根据巴比特团队的分析，旧的台式显示器和带有阴极射线管的盒式电视是最糟糕的设备，它们的能耗和温室气体排放量都很高，在1992年至2007年期间增加了一倍多。

So what's the solution? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would hen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

那么解决方案是什么呢？该团队的数据仅持续到2007年，但研究人员还探讨了如果消费者使用具有多种功能的新电子产品（如用于文字处理和电视观看的平板电脑）取代旧产品会发生什么情况。他们发现，用平板电脑上代替电视和台式电脑观看更多的点播节目，可以减少44%的能耗。

那被你在你的沙发下后面找到的照片现在是大笔生意!

在2005年，美国艺术家Richard Prince的照片，无标题的(牛仔)，以 $ 1, 248, 000被卖了。

Prince的确不是当代唯一的艺术家。他与所谓的“found photographs”—— 一个在不固定的期限里从旧货店发现的被丢弃的印刷品对旧广告或从一个陌生的家庭册页的非职业照片。 德国艺术家Joachim Schmid，相信“基本上一切值得看”，会集了被丢弃的照片、明信片和报纸自1982年以来。 在他持续的项目， Archiv，他根据题材编组家庭生活的照片： 有狗的人们; 队; 新车; 家庭的晚餐; 等等。

就像Schmid，这位自已出版几本艺术杂志编辑，也捍卫这些被找到的照片。 其中的一个，仅仅被叫作“Found”，是出生一多雪的夜在芝加哥，当Dy Rothbard回到他的汽车发现在他的雨刷之有一张的恼怒的字条： “为什么在这里，您的汽车在她的地方？”笔记成为了Rothbard’s致瘾出版物的，起点特点发现照片读者送，在我们的抽屉发现的这样海报。

The整体发现照片现象提出了有些问题。 或许一最困难是： 这些图象真的能被被认为是艺术吗？ 如果可以，那是谁的艺术？ 被找到的照片由艺术家，这样Richard Prince生产了，可以仓促地骑着他的马遇见某人？ 或者王子怎么创造了这张照片？ 这是大家的猜测。 另外，当我们想象这些找到的照片的艺术家们（比如Schmid）背后故事的时候，我们也转动往我们自己的摄影册页。 为什么是记忆很重要对我们？ 我们所有寻求为什么结冰在计时我们的孩子、我们的父母，我们的恋人和我们自己？ 它们是否将意味是在我们离去后的任何人的任何一切？

64. 段落的第一段用于_______。

A.提醒读者被找到的照片

B.劝告读者开始一新的事务

C.要求读者发现在沙发之后的照片

D.展示读者被找到的照片的价值

（好辛苦啊~~死了一半的脑细胞！！有些注释有点蹩脚，将就下吧 呼呼~~）