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高考常用冠词-高考冠词口诀

tamoadmin 2024-09-05 人已围观

简介1.高考英语语法填空秒杀法2.求教高考单选中冠词的使用, 急!!!3.高考英语考点高考英语语法填空秒杀法 导语:2017年高考马上就要开始了,大家在复习备考过程中一定要了解高考英语语法填空秒杀法,最好能在只看答案的情况下排除一些错误选项。为了帮助大家提高语法填空的得分,我为大家准备了这些方法。 2017高考英语语法填空秒杀法  高考英语语法填空题设空特点:无提示词一般考查冠

1.高考英语语法填空秒杀法

2.求教高考单选中冠词的使用, 急!!!

3.高考英语考点

高考英语语法填空秒杀法

高考常用冠词-高考冠词口诀

 导语:2017年高考马上就要开始了,大家在复习备考过程中一定要了解高考英语语法填空秒杀法,最好能在只看答案的情况下排除一些错误选项。为了帮助大家提高语法填空的得分,我为大家准备了这些方法。

2017高考英语语法填空秒杀法

 高考英语语法填空题设空特点:无提示词一般考查冠词、介词、连词、代词、助动词、固定搭配等;有提示词一般考查谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词等。

1. 根据语法知识进行填充

 2. 根据逻辑关系进行填充

 就是根据上下文的逻辑关系来解题。

 3. 根据语篇标志进行填充

 语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位(句群、段落、篇章等)。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的词,我们称这些词为?语篇标志词?。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等;表示逻辑关系的有thus,therefore,so等;表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。?语篇标志词?对迅速理清文章的脉络,弄清上下文关系很有帮助。

 4. 根据固定词组进行填充

 熟练掌握一些常见的词组,如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulate...on..., devote...to..., earn one?蒺s living, keep one?蒺s word, make up one?蒺s mind等,对解题很有帮助。

 5. 根据句型搭配进行填充

 就是根据一些常用的句型搭配,如so/such...that..., it is...(for sb.) to do sth, there is no dou that..., there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。

 6. 根据词汇知识进行填充

 指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记:只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词,只能接to do作宾语的动词,接to do作补语的动词,接do作补语的动词,接doing或done作补语的动词,对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语,等等。

 7. 根据生活常识进行填充

 8. 根据文化背景进行填充

 如After the flood Mr. Deng was as poor as a church_______.这句话的意思是?水灾后邓先生一贫如洗了?。as poor as a church mouse(一贫如洗),所以此处填mouse。

英语语法填空偷分技巧

 技巧一:名词形式变化。

 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

 例:There are many students living at school,the (child) houses are all far from schoo1.

 由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式 复数的所有格children?s。

 技巧二:动词形式变化。

 动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

 例:A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.

 句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是?将来?作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式to be given。

 技巧三:代词形式变化。

 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。

 例:The king decided to see the painter by (he).

 由介词by可以看出,横线处应填反身代词himself。

 技巧四:形容词、副词比较级变化。

 英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀一er和.est,或在词前Imore/less和most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。

 例:I am (tall)than Liu Wen.He is the tallest students in my class.

 此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生,那?我?肯定比他矮,所以不能用taller,只能用表示程度不如的?less tall?。

 技巧五:数词形式变化。

 数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀一、ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的'特殊变化形式 once/twice

 例:To my three sons I lee my seven horses.My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a (three).

 从上下文连续起来理解,这是一个分马的,大儿子分得a half,也就是?一半?或?二分之一?,那么二儿子应该得?三分之一?,所以要填入作分母的序数词?third?才能命中目标。

 技巧六:词的派生。

 词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

 例:Lious lost his wallet yesterday,SO he was very____(hiness).

 在这道题中,学生很容易判断出该用形容词;钱包丢了,人应该是不开心的,所以要再加个前缀un,就成了unhy。

 技巧七:固定短语结构。

 根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语,但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词?视而不见?才能命中答案。

 例1:The children were playing on the ground,enjoying____,dirty but hy.

 从句中的hy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的,所以应用enj0y oneself短语,故其答案为themselves。

 例2:His boss was____angry as to fire him.

 如果?跳过?横线后面的angry,就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语so...as to...,所以,so是正解。

 技巧八:从句引导词。

 从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。

 例1:He did not done_____his father had asked him to do.

 审题可知,横线所在为宾语从句的引导词,此引导词在从旬中充当宾语,且指物,所以是what。

 例2:Those_____want to go to the village must sign here.

 经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词,进一步观察可知先行词为those,且指人,所以只能填入who,在定语从句中做主语。

 技巧九:短语动词结构。

 短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语,此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。

 例1:The us consists____fifty states.

 根据常识可知,美国由50个州组成,故横线处与前一词组合,表示?由......组成?,所以答案是of。

 例2:Mrs Baker was ill,so her daughter had to ask for

 lee to take_____of her.

 生病需要人照顾,所以答案是care,与前后词构成take care of。

 技巧十:短语介词结构。

 短语介词即多个词的组合。起介词作用的短语,如:except for,due to等。

 例1:Mr Smith took a plane to London____of taking a train.

 此题中说到两种交通工具,所以可以理解此句有?坐而不是坐?的意思,故答案为instead,以构成介词短语instead of。

 例2:Just then,he saw a blackboard in_____of him.

 细心观察,可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front of,此题得解。

 技巧十一:连词、关联短语结构。

 常用的连词有and,or,but,so,for,while等,常用的关联短语有both?and...,either?or...,neither?nor...,not only?but also...等。

 例1:Little Wang Jun could not go to school,_____his family was too poor.

 此处表示原因,引导的分句其实是一种解释说明,不是必然的因果关系,且前面有逗号隔开,所以填for。

 例2:____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre.

 横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and,故答案为Both。

 技巧十二:冠词、介词和常用的副词。

 冠词只能是在a,an,the之间判断;常用的介词有in,at,on,before,during等,通常考查固定搭配;副词的量还是比较多,如:however,never,yet,much等。

 例1:Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed.这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法,答案为a,构成at a high speed,?以高速?开车。

 例2:Old Tom?s granddaughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon.

 Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午,所以不用介词in,而用on才是正解。

 例3:Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did,he got a lower pay______Zhang Wen.

 第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as,第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义,故答案为than。

 例4:It was only one day left,_____,his father had no idea to answer him.

 观察上下句,可以看出是转折关系,且横线与前后用逗号隔开,排除but,所以答案是however。

 技巧十三:上下文中出现的相关词。

 这一招是最为灵活的,但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识,填入某个已出现的词,或其反义词,或其同类的某个词。

 答案的线索可能在本句,可能出现在上下相连的一句,还可能出现在比较远的地方上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句,则线索可能在上下段的首句;如果横线出现在某段的末句,则线索可能在上下段的末句,以此类推。

 例:Tony____trelling abroad,but dislikes staying home watching TV.

 由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断,此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。

求教高考单选中冠词的使用, 急!!!

第一问: a professor表示泛指你应该理解,headmaster意思是校长,校长只有一个,要修饰的话只能用zhe,或者不填,但是注意到of 的用法,如果of前后有两个the表示附属关系:如:the courage of the girls姑娘们的勇气;the lid of the box箱子的盖;校长属于特殊职位,校长和学校(学校性质是事业单位)并不是附属关系,所以,排除法,答案是:只能不填。或者参考第三问答案。

第二问:有一种强大的心理能力,a 表示泛指。attention, 如果用a , 怎么翻译?一种关注?得到了世界的一种关注? 太扯了,其实只要语义通畅就基本不会错。其实为什么分可数名词不可数名词,就是为了不让你们瞎加冠词,但是可以少加(如冠词+不可数名词),这部分,老师会给你们强调的

第三问:1,不可数名词表示类指时,零冠词,比如:music can bring pleasure.

2,表示独一无二的职位时,零冠词,如:he ,head of group,will do the thing.

3,独立主和结构,零冠词,如,:he came ,book in hand

4,man ,word(表示新闻),零冠词。

请纳, 不要问我是谁,我的老师是赵灿!

高考英语考点

识在于积累、学习在于思考

1

2015

年高考英语语法单选超级归纳

一、冠词

冠词分为不定冠词(

a, an

,定冠词(

the

,和零冠词。

I.

不定冠词的用法

1

指一类人或事,相当于

a kind of

A plane is a machine that can fly.

2

第一次提及某人某物,非特指

A boy is waiting for you.

有个男孩在等你。

3

表示“每一”相当于

every

one

We study eight hours a day.

4

表示“相同”相当于

the same

We are nearly of an age.

5

用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或

Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?

Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.

A.

不填

B. a

C. the

D. one

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.

(活雷锋)

6

用于固定词组中

a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, he a walk, many a time

7

用于

quite, rather, many, half, what, such

之后

This room is rather a big one.

8

用于

so(as, too, how)+

形容词之后

She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

9

用于抽象名词具体化的名词前

success(

抽象名词

)

a success(

具体化

)

成功的人或事

a failure

失败的人或事

a shame

带来耻辱的人或事

a pity

可惜或遗憾的事

a must

必需必备的事

a good knowledge of

精通掌握某一方面的知识

II.

定冠词的用法

1

表示某一类人或物

In

many

places

in

China,

___

bicycle

is

still

___

popular

means

of

transportation.

A. a; the

B. /; a

C. the; a

D. the; the

2

用于世上独一无二的事物名词前

the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3

表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事

Would you mind opening the door?

4

用于演奏乐器

play the violin, play the guitar

5

用于形容词和分词前表示一类人

the reach, the living, the wounded

6

表示“一家人”或“夫妇”

(对比上文的不定冠词用法

5

Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

Sorry, we don’t he ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the

B. the; a

C. /; the

D. the; /

7

用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前

He is the taller of the two children.

8

用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前

the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9

用于表示发明物的单数名词前

The compass was invented in China.

10

在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代

in the 1990’s

(

二十世纪九十年代

)

11

用于表示度量单位的名词前

I hired the car by the hour.

12

用于方位名词,身体部位名词

He patted me on the shoulder.

III.

不用冠词(又名零冠词)的用法

1

专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前

Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2

名词前有

this, my, whose, some, no, each, every

等限制

I want this book, not that one. /

Whose purse is this?

3

季节,月份,星期,节日,一日三餐前

March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4

表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前

Lincoln was made President of America.

5

表示球类,棋类等运动的名词前

He likes playing football/chess.

6

by

连用表示交通方式的名词前

We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving

across ______ continent.

A. the; the

B.

不填;

the

C. the;

不填

D.

不填;不填

7

and

连接的两个相对的名词并用时

husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

知识在于积累、学习在于思考

2

8

表示泛指的复数名词前

Horses are useful animals.

二、

名词和主谓一致

I.

名词的种类

专有名词

普通名词

国名地名人名,团体机构名称

可数名词

不可数名词

个体名词

集体名词

抽象名词

物质名词

特别注意名词类别的相互转换

个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换

名词性质

She held some flowers in her hand.

The trees are now in flower

花儿

个体名词

开花

抽象名词

Youth is beautiful.

He is a youth of twenty

青春

抽象名词

年轻人

个体名词

They he achieved remarkable success in their work.

How about the Christmas evening party?

I should say it was a success.

成功

抽象名词

成功的事

个体名词

物质名词与个体名词的相互转换

名词性质

Iron is a kind of metal.

Please lend me your iron.

物质名词

熨斗

个体名词

He broke a piece of glass.

He broke a glass.

玻璃

物质名词

玻璃杯

个体名词

I bought a chicken this morning

Please help yourself to some chicken

小鸡

个体名词

鸡肉

物质名词

抽象名词与个体名词的转换

具有动作意义的抽象名词加用

与某些动词(如:

he

等)连

用,表示某一次短暂的动作

①—

I’d like______information about the management of your hotel,please.

Well, you could he____word with the manager. He might be helpful

A.some,a

B.an,some

C.some,some

D.an,a

They sent us

word of the latest henings.

消息

(抽象名词)

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

Could we he

word before you go to the meeting?

话(个体名词)

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

类例:

he a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a look

take a walk/a bath

make an advance(

进步

)/make an early start(

早点出发

)

/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(

发出痛苦的叫声

) /give a try

表示知识和时间的抽象名词转

换为普通名词时可以用来表示

其中的一部分

Many people agree that___knowledge of English is a must in____international trade today.

A.a,

/

B.the, an

C.the, the

D. /, the

a knowledge of truth(

知道实际情况

)

give a fuller knowledge of China(

提供关于中国更为翔实的知识

)

he a knowledge of shorthand(

有速记的知识

)

If there were no examination, we should he______at school.

A.the hiest time

B.a more hier time

C.much hiest time

D.a much hier time

is money.

A.The time

B.A time

C.Time

D.Times

抽象名词转换为普通名词可用

来表示“一次、一阵、一种”

具体的行为、、现象或结

果。这时名词前往往有形容词

修饰

Oh, John. _____you ge me!

A.How a pleasant surprise

B.How pleasant surprise

C.What a pleasant surprise

D. What pleasant surprise

She looked up

when I shouted.

A.in a surprise

B.in the surprise

C.in surprise

D.in some surprise

其它例子:

The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We he had some unpleasant surprise

It is_____work of art that everyone wants to he a look at it.

A.so unusual

B. such unusual

C.such an unusual

D.so an unusual

II.

名词的数

规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加

-s

-es

(参看有关语法书)

。英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,请

看下表

1

改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式

man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice

2

单复数相同

sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species

3

只有复数形式

ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents

知识在于积累、学习在于思考

3

4

一些集体名词总是用作复数

people, police, cattle, staff

5

部分集体名词既可以作单数

(整体)

也可以作复数

(成

员)

audience,

class,

family,

crowd,

couple,

group,

committee,

,

population, crew, team, public, enemy, party

6

复数形式表示特别含义

customs(

海关

),

forces(

军队

),

times(

时代

),

spirits(

情绪

),

drinks(

饮料

),

sands(

沙滩

),

papers(

文件报纸

),

manners(

礼貌

),

looks(

外表

),

brains(

头脑

智力

), greens(

青菜

), ruins(

废墟

)

7

表示

“某国人”

-s

Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans

单复数同形

Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese

-man

-woman

-men,-women

Englishmen, Frenchwomen

8

合成名词

将主体名词变为复数

sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends

无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数

grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches

将两部分变为复数

women singers, men servants

III.

主谓一致

规则

以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语,

动名词短语或从句作主

语时,

谓语动词一般用单数形式;

主语为复数时,

谓语动词

用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.

To study English well is not easy.

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

What he said is very important for us all.

what

引导的主语从句,

后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,

但若表语是复数或

what

从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构

时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

what I bought were three English books.

What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.

由连接词

and

both

and

连接起来的主语后面,

要用复数

形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物

时,它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由

and

连接的并列单数

no,

each,

every

more

than

a

(an)/one,many

a

(an)

修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

either, neither, each, every

no+

单数名词和由

some, any no,

every

构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。

.

Lucy and Lily are twins

The writer and artist has come.

Every student and every teach is in the classroom.

Many a boy and many a girl likes it.

No boy and no girl likes it.

Each of us has a new book.

Is everyone here today?

Somebody is speaking in class.

Everything around us is matter

none

of

后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单

数。若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可

以。

None of the sugar was left.

None of us has (he) been to America.

在定语从句里,关系代词

that, who, which

等作主语时,其

谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.

He is one of my friends who are working hard.

He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.

在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致

It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.

It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.

如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数形式;

如果它指的集体的成员,其谓语动词用复数形式

The police are looking for the lost child.

The cattle are eating grass in the field.

His family has moved to the south .(

他的一家

)

His family are watching TV.

(他的家人)

Class four is on the third floor.

(四班)

Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.

(四班的学生)

a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the

majority

of+

名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数

+

名词构

成的短语作主语时,

其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词

的数而定。

There are a lot of people in the classroom.

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.

50 percent of the students in our class are girls.

此外,还有

a number of +

复数名词有类似的用法(用复数)

,但

the number of +

复数名词的数就得依

number

而定(用单数)

A number of students he gone to the farm to help the farmer pick

les.

The number of pages in this book is three hundred.

在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致

There comes the bus.

On the wall are many pictures.

Such is the result.

Such are the facts.

Between the two hills stands a monument.

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