2015北京高考英语阅读理解_2015高考阅读理解

1.高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

2.高考英语阅读理解:高中阶段常见带介词的to短语归纳

3.高考英语阅读理解专项训练题

你在为自己的高考 英语阅读 感到烦恼吗?其实想要掌握阅读 方法 ，首先要了解阅读的基本分类。下面是我为大家整理的关于高考英语阅读基本分类，希望对您有所帮助。

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高考英语阅读基本分类

一、阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂 文章 的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。

1、阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：

(1)跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。

(2)略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地 快速阅读 ，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。

(3)精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。

2、在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点：

(1)带着问题阅读短文。

(2)找出主题句、确定中心思想。

(3)推断单词、 句子 和文章的含义。

(4)尽快选择答案。

二、不同体裁文章的特点

1、 记叙文

记叙文又可分传记类和 故事 类。

传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。

故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。

2、 说明文

说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。

(1)数字说明文

在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。

(2)解释说明文

解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。

(3)比较说明文

比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。

3、应用文

应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括 广告 、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。

其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题;主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。

针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。

高考英语阅读理解技巧

一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。

即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。

二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。

三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。

文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事;论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用,画图列表法,，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。

高考英语考试答题时间分配

1、听力：20分钟

听力后句比前句重要，回答比提问重要。若选项中个别单词或 短语 被明显播读，此项多为错项。 同义词 替换选项，正确可能性大。

2、阅读：30分钟

审题时注意题干有没有特殊的副词或形容词。定位尽量选两个词，回避全文核心词。

3、完形填空：15分钟

从答案出发，再到文章。通常为 议论文 ，着眼每个小标题。小标题就可以决定选项。先纵观全文大意。选择答案，如果遇上不会的单词，从会的单词排除。通常高考英语的完形填空不存在词性的选择，选项的词性基本保持一致的。

4、七选五：10分钟

从答案出发，再到文章，通常为议论文，着眼每个小标题，小标题就可以决定选项。

5、改错：10分钟

改错通常有以下几种情况：名词单复数用错、动词时态错误、介词的多余或缺失、第三人称单数漏掉s、就近原则对主语的影响。

6、 作文 ：35分钟

明确自己要写的作文的体裁，一定要抓住文章的体裁，建立自己的写作格式; 明确写作中所运用的时态，在写作时首先就要敲定作文的基调，定好时态;明确作文的表达内容和顺序，要在作文中做到主次分明、表达准确、承上启下，不给人一种泛泛而谈、模糊而凌乱的感觉。

高考英语阅读基本分类相关文章：

★ 高考英语复习规划:高考英语阅读理解考点解析

★ 高考英语阅读理解答题技巧

★ 高考英语阅读理解训练附答案讲解

★ 高考英语阅读理解的复习策略

★ 高考英语阅读理解练习题及参考答案

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高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

-策略一、紧扣主旨大意 高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题主要是考查考生在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度的概括或总结的能力。常见的设问方式有：

●标题类：what's the best title/headline for the passage？

●大意类：the text is mainly about__.the topic/subject discussed in the passage is _ .from the passage，we can conclude that _ .

针对主旨大意类型的题，考生可以掌握以下解题策略：把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题；寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想；将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题；逆向思维法解标题类问题。

一、把握文章逻辑结构，快速找出主题

高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构：

1、时间顺序。按时间先后顺序说明某一事件、某一理论的发展过程，属于这种结构的文章主题通常在首段或末段。

2、?总说-分述?结构。首段做总的说明，其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点，属于这种结构的文章主题在首段。最典型的是新闻报道类文章，此类体裁的文章在近年高考阅读中逐渐增多。一般这类文章都有固定格式：城市名称(新闻社)新闻内容。掌握一些国际知名新闻社的英文名称是必要的，路透社reuters，美联社associated press，法新社agence france presse。

3、?分述-总说?结构。前面几段分别说明，末段总结。属于这种结构的文章主题在末段。

二、寻找主题句，确定文章中心思想

不是所有的文章都有主题句，对于大部分有主题句的文章来说，主题句表达了文章的中心思想，找到了主题句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主题句呈现的形式有：

1、在文首。文章开门见山，提出主题，随后摆事实、讲道理来解释、支撑和发展主题句所表达的主题思想。2、在文中。通常前面只提出问题，随之陈述细节引出主题，而后做进一步的解释、支撑或发展。3、在文尾。在表述细节后，归纳要点，得出结论，以概括主题。

三、将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体，得出文章主题

通常有些文章会在首段提出一个重要论点，随后在各段分别进一步从不同角度继续阐述，这样我们可以找出首段的中心句，再将其和各段第一句串联在一起，就可以得出文章的中心思想。如：(2006北京卷d篇71题)

which is the best title for the passage？

a.societal conditions in premodern times

b.practices of reducing maternal attachment

c.poor health service and high infant death rate

d.differences between modern and premodern parents

第一段：perhaps to prevent the sadness that infant death caused，a number of societal practices developed which worked against early attachment of mother and child.

第二段：one of these premodern attachment-discouraging practices was to leave infants unnamed until they had survived into the second year.?

第三段：a third practice which had the same distancing effect was wet-nursing.?

从第一段的中心句和各段的第一句不难看出，这篇文章的标题应该是practices of reducing maternal attachment.

四、逆向思维法解标题类问题

(2005全国i卷b篇62题)what would be the best title for the text？

a.a cross-country trip

b.a special border pass

c.an unguarded border

d.an expensive church visit

如果标题是a cross-country trip，那么文章应该讲述一次出境旅行；如果标题是a special border pass，那么文章应该着重讲一个特殊的边境通行证；如果标题是an unguarded border，那么文章应该侧重讲边境如何不设防；如果标题是an expensive church visit，那么文章应该讲一次礼拜如何花费昂贵了。经过这样的逆向思维，我们不难发现文章的内容恰好与标题an expensive church visit一致，因此应该选d。

一、对于写作意图的把握

1.注意连接词的使用：near the end of the last year in middle school，my dad took me to the wildlife refuge.he needed to get some aligator blood to do the experiment.at first，i thought fishing for alligators was a bad idea.what if one tried to eat me？but we had a lot of help，and my dad knew a lot about alligators，so it was ok.

why did the writer think that fishing for aligators was a bad idea at first？

a.because the writer was afraid of the fierce alligators

b.because we should protect alligators

c.because the writer was not as brave as his father

d.because the writer knew little about alligators

某些句型表面看上去是比较级，而实际上是最高级含义。my mother decided to take me on the trip.it couldn't be better.(it couldn't be better=it's great.意为?太好了?)

注意虚拟语气的使用。how i wish i had passed the driving test.(我多么希望已通过了驾照考试呀！)此句暗含的事实是：并没通过考试。

3.将自己想象为故事中的主人公，体会其心理感受

有一篇文章，写一个老太太刚刚在海边买了一座别墅，打算在那里度过余生。因为那里的气候湿润温暖，更适合她的健康。此时她站在曾经生活了25年的房子里，最后环顾这曾经装载了她的大半生的房子。所给的问题是：how does the old lady feel at the last moment in her old house？正确答案是：her feeling is complex.其他的选项如she is happy/she is sad等都片面。只要我们设身处地站在老太太的位置上想一想，就不难找到正确答案。

4.把握全篇文脉，仔细揣摩事情发生的背景

我们不仅要掌握一定的语言知识，还需要平时储备一定的逻辑推理能力以及必要的西方的文化背景知识，才能完全领会文章的主旨或者其所渗透出的幽默感。请看下面这篇介绍父子关系的文章。第一句话就开门见山：my father and i were very close.he was always proud of my success.然后用一个事例说明：if i won a spelling contest at school，he was on top of the world.如果知道be on top of the world是?高兴至极?的意思，也只是理解了语言的表层含义。接下来：when i was named president of the ford motor company，i didn't know which of us was more excited.正确理解了上文的铺垫，才会真正领会此句暗含的意味及幽默：实际上父亲比我还高兴。如果对西方人的生活方式及习惯比较了解的话，也不难接受下面的句子：i hugged and kissed my dad at every opportunitynothing could have felt more natural.我们再来继续欣赏一下父亲鲜明的个性：my father was a curious man who was always trying new things.he was the first person in my town to buy a motorcycle.unfortunately，my father and his motorcycle didn't get along too well.he fell off it so often that he got rid of it just a month after buying it.as a result，he never again trusted any vehicle with less than four wheels.读懂了这些，就不难理解下文中为什么父亲不让?我?拥有一辆自行车，反而当?我?刚满16岁就让我开车了。正确理解了文章的来龙去脉及内涵，对于文后题目的处理也就会轻而易举了。

二、对于出题意图的把握

1.正确理解一个事物的两个方面

有些题目不是直接照搬原文的话，而是用一些另外的语言表达出同样的意思，因此我们必须掌握用英文解释英文的技能。如一篇介绍辍学学生的文章，文章先后两次谈到学生辍学后的感想。第一次：most students who dropped out of school in the united states admit they made a mistake by giving up and some say they might have stayed if classes were more chalenging.

第二次：three out of four said if they could turn back the clock they would choose to stay.文后的题目是which of the folowing is right according to the passage？正确答案是：most dropout students hope to go back to school if possible.虽然

原文没有像题目这样明确说明，但其实这是一个事物的两个方面；对于辍学的后悔其实就是希望继续上学。通过正确推断这些文句的含义，即可找出正确答案。

2.以文章内容为基础进行判断

-策略三、合理推理判断

一、理解定义。判断是对已知的事实仔细评价之后做出的合理决定。推理是对事实的内涵所做的陈述或以事实为依据对未知所做的陈述。注意无论是判断还是推理都是以已知事实为依据。

二、推理题常见的提问形式。常以infer，imply，indicate，suggest，conclude，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等词提问。

或含有表推测的情态动词，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的动词，如probably，mostlikely等。

三、具体策略

1.通过辨认细节的技巧，找到相关的事实或证据，对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价，在此基础上再作决定。切记：推断是以文章提供的事实为依据，而不是凭空想象，更不是读者自己的意愿。

2.借助常识。在推理判断题中，我们平时积累的一些常识通常会派上用场。2006年陕西高考英语试卷中一篇关于通信发展史的阅读最为典型。a.the postal service has over the years become faster. b.the postal service has over the years become slower.大家都应知道交通越来越发达，邮电业当然是faster.此篇还涉及到有关发邮件的常识，如果同学们有这个common sense，就如鱼得水了。

3.务必要用排除法。排除法在此类题型中发挥着不可磨灭的作用。根据在文章中找到的事实依据和常识排除错误信息，再排除和文章中一词不差的信息(文章里的原句不会是推理判断出来的结果，但通过同义词或句型转换过的选项有可能是正确答案)，最后再排除无关或偏离信息，正确答案就不言而喻了。

4.词句段篇，相互交融。词的理解要放在句子里，句子的理解要靠段，段的理解也离不开篇。单独说floor谁都知道是什么意思，但?she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover，in her own handwriting?这个语境里是surprised的意思。因此不能独立地看某个词或某句话。此外，学生对一词多义或一些习语的积累也是很有必要的，这就要靠同学们课下多下工夫了。

例he is an old cobbler(修鞋匠) with a shop in the marais，a historic area in paris.when i took him my shoes，he at first told me：?i have no time.take them to the other fellow on the main street;he'll fix them right away.?

but i'd had my eye on his shop for a long time.just looking at his bench loaded with tolls and pieces of leather，i knew he was a skilled craftsman(手艺人).?no，?i replied，?the other fellow can't do it well.?

?the other fellow?was one of those shopkeepers who fix shoes and make keys ?while-u-wait?-without knowing much about mending shoes or making keys.they work carelessly，and when they have finished sewing back a sandal strap(鞋带)you might as well just throw away the pair.

my man saw i wouldn't give in，and he smiled.he wiped his hands on his blue apron(围裙)，looked at my shoes，had me write my name on one shoe with a piece of chalk and said，?come back in a week.?i was about to leave when he took a pair of soft leather boots off a shelf.

?see what i can do？?he said with a pride.?only three of us in paris can do this kind of work.?

when i got back out into the street，the world seemed brand-new to me.he was something out of an ancient legend(传说)，this old craftsman with his way of speaking familiarly，his very strange，dusty felt hat，his funny accent from who-knows-where and，above all，his pride in his craft.

these are times when nothing is important but the bottom line，when you can do things any old way as long as it ?pays?，when，in short，people look on work as a path to ever-increasing consumption(消费) rather than a way to realize their own abilities.in such a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a job well done.

1.which of the following is true about the old cobbler？

a.he was equipped with the best repairing tools.

b.he was the only cobbler in the marais.

c.he was proud of his skils.

d.he was a native parisian.

2.the sentence?he was something out of an ancient legend.?implied that___

a.nowadays you can hardly find anyone like him

b.it was difficult to communicate with this man

c.the man was very strange

d.the man was too old

解析：1.c文中多处提到关于自豪的字眼a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a job well done.and he said with a pride.这正是c项的涵义。a，d是无关信息文中没有提及排除b是错误选项。依据：the other fellow还有only three of us in paris can do?

2.a说他像古代传奇中的人物。言行，打扮尤其对自己手艺的自豪，现代社会罕见。in such a period it is a rare comfort to find a cobbler who gets his greatest satisfaction from pride in a job well done.b，d在文章中没有任何依据，排除。c项的strange很有迷惑性但文中说到的是strange hat not the man.

-试试看吧

all through my boyhood and youth，i was known as an idler;and yet i was always busy on my own private end，which was to learn to write.i kept always two books in my pocket，one to read，one to write in.as i walked，my mind was busy fitting what i saw with appropriate words;when i sat by the roadside，i would either read， or a pencil and a note-book would be in my hand，to note down the features of the scene or write some poor lines of verse.thus i lived with words. and what i thus wrote was for no future use;it was written consciously for practice.it was not much that i wished to be an author(though i wished that，too)as that i had vowed that i would learn to write.that was a proficiency that tempted me ;and i practised to acquire it.description was the principal field of my exercise;for to anyone with senses there is always something worth describing and town and country are but one continuous subject.but i worked in other ways also;i often accompanied my walks with dramatic dialogues，in which i played many parts;and often exercised myself in writing down conversations from memory.

this was all excellent，no doubt.and yet this was not the most efficient part of my training.good as it was，it only taught me the choice of the essential note and the right word.and regarded as training，it had one grave defect;for it set me no standard of achievement.so there was perhaps more profit，as there was certainly more effort，in my secret labours at home.whenever i read a book or a passage that particularly pleased me，in which a thing was said or an effect rendered with propriety ，in which there was either some conspicuous force or some happy distinction(巧妙特色) in the style，i must sit down at once and set myself to ape that quality.i was unsuccessful and i knew it;and tried again，and was again unsuccessful and always unsuccessful;but at least in these vain bouts i got some practice in rhythm，in harmony，in construction and the coordination of parts.i have thus played the sedulous ape to hzlitte，to lamb，to wordsworth，to defoe，to hawthorne.that，like it or not，is the way to learn to write;whether i have profited or not，that is the way.it was so，if we could trace it out，that all men have learned.

1.in this passage______.

a.an expert tells about how writers become successful

b.a writer tells about the techniques of writing

c.a student tells about how he learned to write

d.a writer tells about his experience of learning to write

2.fromt his passage we can infer that____.

a.it is a good habit for everyone to take books in his pocket while idling in the street.

b.practice and imitation are important in learning to write

c.one had better start to learn to write from one's younger days

d.failure is the mother of success

参考答案:d\b

高考英语阅读理解:高中阶段常见带介词的to短语归纳

高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧

　导语：高考复习的重点一是要掌握所有的知识点，二就是要大量的做题，以下是我为大家精心整理的高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧，欢迎大家参考！

　 阅读理解之主旨大意题

　我们阅读一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明确其主旨。因此， 主旨大意题是常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。广东高考近几年来考查过的题目中mainly about只考过4题，title题考了5题， purpose题考了5题。

　 解题技巧

　 1.弄清文章的大意， 关键是找到主题句。

　主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应， 有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。

　 2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即

　快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。找主题句的四个小窍门：

　(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时， 该句很可能是主题句。

　(2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。

　(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。

　(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。

　 3.关于干扰项和正确答案。

　(1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些 (不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。

　(2)正确答案：是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。

　 4.在阅读理解中，主旨大意题常有以下几种命题方式： (1)Main idea型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的.句子。题干多为如下形式：

　①What's the main idea/point of the passage?

　②The passage is mainly about________.

　③The passage is mainly concerned about________.

　④Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?

　⑤Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?

　⑥In this passage the author discusses primarily______.

　⑦The subject discussed in this text is________.

　⑧The general/main idea of the passage is about________.

　(2)Main purpose型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题干形式：

　①What's the purpose of the passage?

　②The passage is meant to________.

　③The purpose of the article is to________.

　④In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________.

　⑤The passage tells us that________.

　⑥The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ...

　(3)标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式：

　①The best title of the passage is________.

　②Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

　③The best title for the passage is________.

　④The most appropriate title of the passage is________.

　In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.

　 典型例析

　From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness...But only when we stop

　pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.

　30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　A.A Wheelchair Experience.

　B.Weakness and Kindness.

　C.Weakness and Strength.

　D.A Driving Experience

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了表转折的But...可知，“But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。

　 答案：B

　In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable

　products.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

　Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries....In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.

　45.What is the main purpose of the passage?

　A.To introduce a new business model.

　B.To compare two business models.

　C.To predict a change of the global market.

　D.To advocate sustainable development.

　解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways”是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进

　行解释;句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句“Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries”进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D。

　 答案：D

　Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much. While the expression may not often

　be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.

　30.What is the best title of the passage?

　A.Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom

　B.Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture

　C.Have a Nice Day — a Heartwarming Greeting

　D.Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation

　解析：主旨大意题。由该段的第一句(特别是custom一词)可知。

　 答案：A

　(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination

　…

　It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.

　30.What is the purpose of the passage?

　A.To tell us an interesting story.

　B.To help us make right decisions.

　C.To advise us to care about children.

　D.To encourage us to use our imagination.

　解析：主旨大意题。由文章首句Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear和全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们运用我们的想象力。

　 答案：D

;

高考英语阅读理解专项训练题

be / get / become used to 习惯于

be given to 喜欢；癖好

be related to 与?有关系

be addicted to 沉溺于；对?上瘾

be opposed to 反对

devote oneself to献身于；专心于

be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于

be admitted to 被?录取；准进入

be reduced to 沦为

reduce?to?使?沦为

be attached to附属于；喜欢；依恋

be adjusted to 适应

be known to 为?所知

be married to 和?结婚

be sentenced to被判处

be connected to 和?连在一起

be exposed to 暴露于；遭受

be compared to 被比喻成

compare? to?把?比作?

be engaged to 与?订婚

be / become / get accustomed to // accustomed to 惯于；有?习惯

be engaged to 与?订婚

get down to 着手做

lead to 导致

object to反对；不喜欢；不赞成

put one?s mind to全神贯注于

give rise to 引起

look forward to 盼望

stick to 坚持

pay attention to 注意

attend to 专心；注意；照料

see to 负责；注意

contribute to对?作贡献；有助于

make contributions to对?作贡献

apply oneself to 致力于

come close to几乎；将近

reply to 回答

add to 增加

add up to 加起来

in addition to除?之外

turn to转向；求助于

feel up to 能胜任于

look up to 尊敬

admit to承认

belong to 属于

take to 喜爱；开始

cling to 附着

fall to 开始

respond to 回答；对?作出回应

accustom oneself to 使自己习惯于

amount to等于

prefer? to?更喜欢

set an example to 给?树立榜样

refer to 谈到；参考；查阅

agree to sth. 同意某事（比较：agree to do sth. 同意做某事）

prefer? to?更喜欢

take / make a trip to到?地方去

join?to?把?和 ?连接起来

turn a blind eye to对?视而不见

turn a deaf ear to 对?充耳不闻

show honor to向?表示敬意

put an end to(bring? to an end) 结束

set fire to 放火烧?

drink (a toast) to 为?干杯

propose a toast to 提议?

happen to? 发生了?事

occur to sb. 想起；想到

total up to 总计达

be close to 几乎；将近

hold to 坚持；抓住

help oneself to 随便用?

hold on to 抓住；固守

do harm to 对?有害处

do wrong to 冤枉某人

date back to 追溯到

when it comes to? 谈到?时

come to 来到；达到；结果为 (比较：come to do sth逐渐做某事)

give an eye to着眼于

have an eye to doing 打算

the key to ?的答案

describe to 向?描述

treat sb. to sth. 请某人吃?

trust sth. to sb.把某物委托给某人

pay a visit to 参观?

access to 进入；取得的方法

be a stranger to 不习惯；对?陌生

on one?s way to 在去某处的路上；在达成某事的过程中

be kind to 对?和善

be important to 对?重要

be senior to 年龄长于?

be equal to 和?相等

be particular to ?所特有的（比较：be particular about 对?过于讲究；挑剔）

be subject to 服从；隶属；易遭\受\患

be familiar to 为 ?熟悉

be similar to 和?相似

be open to 对?开放

be loyal to 对?忠诚

be helpful to对?有益处

be useful to对?有用

be good to sb对某人好（比较：be good for 对?有益处）

be bad to 对?不好

be bad for（比较：对?有害处）

be new to 对?不习惯；对?陌生

as to 关于；至于

next to（否定词前）几乎；

be due to do sth.预定要做某事

next to ?的旁边

due to 由于；归因于?

thanks to 多亏了；由于

owing to 由于；因?的缘故

in / with regard to 关于

in /with relation to 关于；就?而论

subject to 在?条件下；依照

be given to 沉溺于

be related to 与?相关

get down to着手做

lead to 着手做

object to / be opposed to 反对

put one?s mind to全神贯注于

be equal to 胜任

devote oneself to献身于

give rise to 引起

look forward to 盼望

pay attention to 注意

lead to通向 see to 负责

access to 接近(某地的)方法

be addicted to 沉溺于? 对?上瘾

according to 根据

contribute to 为?作贡献

如：

1. access to 接近,进入(某地的)方法; 通路

The only access to that building is along that muddy track.

到那栋建筑的唯一通路是沿着那条泥泞的路走。

2. according to 按照,依照,视?而定

The work was done according to his instructions.

那工作是依照他的指示做的。

3. be addicted to 沉溺于?,对?上瘾

He became addicted to the drug.

他上了毒瘾。

4. belong to 属于

This dictionary belongs to me.

这本词典是我的。

5. contribute to 为?做贡献,为?撰稿

Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.

人人都应该尽自己的能力为社会做贡献。

6. devote to 献身，致力于?

He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.

他一生献身于帮助残疾人。

7. due to 因为,由于?而起

His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.

他迟到是因高速公路上车辆过多所致。

8. be equal to 与?相当,有能力胜任?的

Bill is quite equal to running the office.

比尔的能力足以管理这个部门。

9. get close to 靠近,接近

Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.

如今许多人喜欢到户外去接近大自然。

10. get down to 开始做某事,认真处理某事

It?s time I got down to some serious work.

我该认真干点正事了。

11. hold to 忠于?,坚持,遵循

Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.

不管你怎样争辩,我将坚持我的决定。

12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,饮料等)

Help yourself to a cigarette.

请随便用香烟吧。

13. look forward to 盼望,期待

We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.

我们非常盼望再见到你。

14. lead to 导致

This misprint led to great confusion.

这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。

15. prefer?to?两者间更喜欢?

I prefer walking to cycling.

我愿意步行,不愿意骑自行车。

16. pay attention to 注意

Pay attention to what the teacher is talking about!

注意老师说的话!

17. refer to 提到,涉及到,关系到,参考,查阅

What I have to say refers to all of you.

我要说的事和你们大家都有关。

18. relate to 与?有关,涉及?

Wealth is seldom related to happiness.

财富鲜于幸福有关。

19. see to 照看或处理某事物

Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?

你来处理下次委员会会议安排,好吗?

20.stick to 坚持,不改变或不放弃

We don?t want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!

我们不想听你的想法,只讲事实!

21.turn to 转向,求助于,转而做

The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.

他情绪越低落越是借酒浇愁。

22.used to 习惯于?,适应?

She is quite used to working hard.

她很习惯做艰苦的工作。

《高中阶段常见带介词的to短语归纳》由liuxue86.com我整理

　在英语考试中，阅读理解占据着重要的位置。下面是我网路整理的以供大家学习。

　 一

　“Linda, if beating yourself up were an Olympic sport, you’d win a gold medal!”

　Annabel, my close friend, stunned me with that frank observation after I told her how I had mishandled a situation with a student in a third-grade class where I was substituting. “I should never have let him go to the boy’s room without a pass! It was my fault he got into trouble with the hall monitor! I’m so stupid!”

　My friend burst out laughing, and then made her “Olympic” ment. After a brief period of reflection I had to admit that she was right. I did put myself down an awful lot. Why, just during the previous day I had called myself “a slob” for having some papers spread out on my desk, “ugly” when I left the house without makeup and “an idiot” when I left the house for an emergency substitute job without my emergency lesson plan.

　In a more reflective tone, Annabel said, “I once took a workshop at church where the woman in charge had us list all the mean things we say about ourselves.”

　“How many did you have on your list?” I asked.

　“Fifteen,” she confessed. “But then the teacher said, ‘Now turn to the person next to you and say all the items on your list as if you were speaking to that person!’ ”

　My jaw dropped. “What did you do?”

　“Nothing. Nobody did. We all just sat there, until I said, ‘I could never say these things to anyone else!’ ”

　“And our teacher replied, ‘Well, if you can’t say them to anyone else, then don’t ever say them to yourself!’ ”

　My friend had a point. I would never insult a child of God---and I’m God’s child, too!

　God, today let me be as kind to myself as I would be to another of Your children.

　1. What does Annabel mean by the first sentence of the passage?

　A. The writer is a good athlete. B. The writer scolds herself too much.

　C. She is encouraging the writer. D. A gold medal is not a big deal.

　2. What does the writer intends to tell us through the second and third paragraphs?

　A. She has low self-esteem over some *** all things.

　B. She often makes serious mistakes in daily life.

　C. She is a third-grade teacher.

　D. She cares too much about her appearance.

　3. We can infer that the underlined word “slob” might be _____.

　A. something untidy B. someone dangerous

　C. something dirty D. someone lazy

　4. What does the writer mean by the last sentence of the passage?

　A. She is ready to turn to God for help.

　B. She will be kind to all children.

　C. She won’t insult herself as well as others.

　D. She is willing to be a child of God.

　 答案：

　1-4 BADC

　二

　Nowadays, people in China are increasingly interested in celebrating foreign festivals, especially those western festivals.

　A survey conducted recently by sina. showed that among the 18,222 people surveyed 63.90% said celebrating Christmas is just another way of recreation, nothing serious, while 17.85% surveyed considered the festival as a fashion act, showing they were not “out”. These two parts clearly indicate the general opinion of the young. 10.45% people involved said the celebration of a religious western festival with so much enthusia *** is absolutely ridiculous pursuit of foreign goodness. Only 7.80% of the people define Christmas as a kind of festival colonization殖民.

　The arising of celebrating foreign festivals clearly has something to do with the advancement of China’s economy. In my point of view, Christmas and other festivals celebrated in China have difference from the origin. They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life. Shop owners’ pockets are filled, the public’s hunger for happiness is filled, and that is enough. Foreign festivals in China are more like carnivals giving people pleasure and enjoyment.

　The crisis危机 of traditional Chinese festivals that are losing their attraction may be linked to the culture tradition and background of the festivals. Most Chinese festival culture is related more or less to real life. “The country is based on its people while the people are relied on their food”.

　But the western culture shows much of romance. Some festivals have their religious background while others have much to do with culture and people. At this point, food seems to be too plain. Flowers and chocolates are more weled.

　Foreign festivals in China today are celebrated for fun. They give people opportunities to relax and celebrate, to show appreciation and gratefulness. The acceptance of foreign festivals generally depends on the openness of the public, the familiarity with the western culture, and most importantly, on people’s economic status.

　5.From the survey we know that among the people surveyed ______.

　A. most think celebrating foreign festivals is ridiculous

　B. many fear that traditional Chinese festivals will disappear soon

　C. some think that celebrating foreign festivals is a sign of foreign goodness chasing

　D. half think celebrating foreign festivals makes people not go out of fashion

　6.The writer thinks that foreign festivals celebrated in China ______.

　A. have lost their religious background

　B. are the same as those celebrated in the West

　C. can give more fun than traditional Chinese festivals

　D. may reduce the hunger of public people

　7.What is the main difference between foreign festivals and traditional Chinese ones?

　A. Foreign festivals can make Chinese shop owners’ pockets full quickly.

　B. The food at foreign festivals is too simple.

　C. Chinese festivals always have something to do with culture.

　D. Foreign festivals are romantic while traditional Chinese ones are connected with reality.

　8.Which of the following may NOT be the reason why so many people accept foreign festivals?

　A. People can relax themselves.

　B. People can show their thanks to others.

　C. Foreign festivals have longer histories than Chinese ones.

　D. People have known more about the western culture.

　 答案：

　如今，中国人对西方的节日越来越感兴趣，而中国的传统节日越来越不受人们的重视，原因何在呢?中西方两种文化有何不同之处，西方节日在中国处于一个什么样的地位，接受西方的节日是对是错?读完这篇文章，相信我们会得到答案。

　5.C。细节理解题。A项只有10.45%的人如此认为，most一词错误;B项will disappear soon错误;D项只有17.85%的人这么认为，很明显，half一词错误;依据文章第二段倒数第二句可知C项正确。

　6.A。细节理解题。依据文章第三段第三句中的“They have lost their religious background and turned into a big occasion to have fun and enjoy life.”可知，A项正确;依据第三段中的have difference from the origin可知B项错误;C项文章没有进行比较;D项文章用的是the public’s hunger for happiness is filled，而非饥饿，故答案为A。

　7.D。细节理解题。A项错误，文章第三段提及商家挣到了钱，公众的幸福感得到了满足，而并非外国的节日能够让店主的钱包迅速地鼓起来;B项too simple与原文不符;C项不是区别，两种节日都与文化有关。依据文章第四、五两段可知，D项正确，两种节日的区别在于西方的节日浪漫，而中国的节日则与实际生活密切相关。

　8.C。细节理解判断题。文章没有提及中国的节日与西方的节日相比谁的历史更悠久，故C项错误。