高考英语语法点总结_高考英语重点语法

1.高中英语语法详细讲解

2.高中英语语法固定搭配用法介绍

3.高考英语考点

4.高考英语语法： 独立主格结构的七种形式

5.高考英语语法填空必背知识

6.高中英语语法归纳(详细一点哦，要全哦)

7.怎么学英语语法，，，高考使用

一、非谓语动词

“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel)．二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，1et， make)，四看(see，watCh，notice，observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit，advise， practise，avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish，risk，imagine,escape,need，delay，stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住，也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习，建议避免冒险，考虑延期逃跑，喜欢保持想象，需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise；

advise／suggest， avoid，risk： consider， delay， escape／miss； enjoy／appreciate， keep， imagine； need/want／require,mind． can't help／can’t stand。

二、复合句

1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true． (同位语从句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here． (定语从句)

关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语， 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语，而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。

2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。

例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day．

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten．

C、I have lost my pen，which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home．

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外，还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。

例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是：无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good)；工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。

例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

B、It is a waste of time waiting for him．

2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find，feel,think,take,consider，judge, make)。

例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject．

B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语)，可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。

例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)

B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)

C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory．(同上)

但要注意与定语从句的区别。

例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory．(定语从句)

在强调句式里，我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去，句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。

四、倒装结构

学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之，编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep．)提前全倒装，其它句式部分倒；否定提前倒助动，让步状语倒表语；复合句式倒主句，不

倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明：

A、Here comes the bus．(副词提前，全倒装)

B、Here he comes.(代词作主语，不倒装)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前，全倒装)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句，表语倒装)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in．(only 修饰状语，主句倒装)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语．不倒装)

H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语，不倒装)

五、虚拟语气

虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would (should,could，might)；表愿望,用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中， 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明：

A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)

B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟）

D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now．(特殊从句虚拟）

F、I would rather you gave me the book．(同上)

G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主语从句虚拟)

H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English． (特殊从句虚拟)

总之，语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则，要边学边寻找规律，以提高学习效率。在学习中不能只记一些语法规则，要进行实践练习。通过练习，可以发现和纠正错误，而且有利于况固所学知识。

高中英语语法详细讲解

《高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3》由liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

高三英语知识点综合训练3

高考综合复习：Book 1 Unit 4---6

重点词汇与短语：

1.take place 发生

2.so---that 如此---以致于

3.sweep sb. down 冲倒

4.pull up 拽起，停车

5.hold on to 抓住，握住

6.get on one?s feet 站起来

7.go on a holiday 度假

8.far away from 远离

9.on fire 着火

10.such as 例如

11.travel agent 旅行社

12.be caught in 遭遇到

13.think twice 三思

14.think highly of 对---评价很高

15.stare at 盯着

16.leave out遗漏

17.take off 脱下，起飞

18.go wrong 出问题

19.in all 总之

20.on the air 广播

21.make jokes about开---的玩笑

22.play a role扮演角色

23.make money 挣钱

24.owe success to sb.把成功归功于某人

25.start with 以---开始

26.a thank-you letter 一封感谢信

27.introduce---to--- 将---介绍给---

28.make a good impression 留下好印象

29.the custom of toasting 敬酒的习俗

30.apologize to sb. for sth.因为某事向某人道歉

交际用语:

1.Well done! 做得好！

2.You can do it! 你能行！

3.Come on! 快点！

4.It scares me. 这让我害怕。

5.Keep trying! 再试试！

6.How do you like/find---? 你认为---怎么样？

7.What do you think of---? 你认为---怎么样？

8.Excuse me. 对不起。

9.Forgive me. 请原谅。

10.I?m (very/so/terribly) sorry. 十分抱歉。

11.I?m sorry. I didn?t mean to---. 对不起，我不是有意---。

12.That?s all right./ That?s OK./ No problem. 没关系。

知识点归纳:

1.advance

(1) v. 前进,推进,促进,提升

Napoleon?s army advanced towards Moscow. 那破仑的军队向莫斯科挺进了。

Two months has passed and the project has advanced.

两个月过去了，这项工程已有进展。

(2) n. 前进，进展

The commander ordered to halt the enemy?s advance. 司令下令阻止敌军前进。

He?s always paying attention to the advances in medical science.

他时刻注意着医学上的进步。

（3）in advance 预先，在---之前

I was given a month?s salary in advance. 我提前发了一个月的工资。

（4）advancedadj. 高级的，先进的

Einstein learned advanced mathematics all by himself at 13.

爱因斯坦13岁就能自学高等数学了。

Few scientists could understand his advanced theory at that time.

那时没几个科学家能理解他高深的理论。

2.seize vt.

(1) 抓住，捉住

The thief was seized by the police. 那个小偷被警察抓住了。

He seized me by the arm. 他抓住了我的胳膊。

(2) 抓住（时机）

If you get the opportunity to work abroad, you should seize it with both hands.

如果你有出国工作的机会，切勿放过。

Seize the day, seize the hour!

只争朝夕！

（3）（思想、感情等）支配人的头脑

The man was seized with panic. 这个人惊慌失措。

Uncontrollable laughter seized us. 我们不由自主地大笑起来了。

3.strike vt. vi. (struck, struck/stricken)

(1) 打，击，砍，敲

strike a blow 击出一拳

strike a match 划火柴

I wouldn?t dream of striking a woman. 我做梦也不会打女人。

He was so angry that he struck the table with his fist. 他气得用拳头砸桌子。

(2) 打中，击中；撞，触礁

A snow ball struck/hit him on the back of the head. 一个雪球打中了他的后脑勺。

Then my shovel struck against something metallic.

然后我的铲子碰到了一件像金属的东西。

（3）（某种想法）忽然出现；使（某人）突然意识到

It strikes sb. that--- 忽然意识到

be struck by--- 深受感动

The funny side of the affair suddenly struck her. 她突然意识到了事情可笑的一面。

We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens.

使我们深受感动的是，甚至最贫穷的市民也慷慨大方。

（4） 给某人某种印象

---How did it strike you? 你觉得它如何？

---It struck me as strange at the time. 我当时觉得它很古怪。

（5）（钟）敲响

The church clock began to strike twelve. 教堂的钟开始敲12点。

(6) 突然袭击

When the snake strikes, its mouth opens wide.

蛇发起进攻时，嘴张得很大。

I fear an earthquake will strike this area again. 我担心地震会再次发生在这一地区。

(7) 罢工 （也可用做名词）

I?m sure the bus drivers will strike/ go on strike. 我确信公共汽车司机会罢工。

(8) strike, beat, hit, tap, knock

strike 常表示用力打或敲

hit有?撞击，袭击?之意，比strike稍弱一些，指一次性的打击或击中

beat 指连续多次的打，也指有节奏的击打，还可表示打败

tap指轻拍

knock 指敲打并伴有响声，还可表示打倒、撞翻

考题链接：

(1) It _____ her how quiet and gentle he was.

A. beat B. hit C. struck D. knock

(2) He sat quietly in the room, listening to the rain ____ against the window.

A. beating B. hitting C. striking D. knocking

答案 C A

分析 第一题表示?使某人忽然意识到?，用strike; 第二题表示连续敲打，用beat.

4.感官动词 see, hear, find, notice, watch + 宾语 +宾补

(1) 感官动词 + 宾语 +doing, 表示宾补的动作正在发生。

We can see parrots flying along the river. 我们可以看到鹦鹉在沿着河边飞翔。

I can feel my heart beating fast. 我可以感觉到我的心跳得很快。

(2) 感官动词 + 宾语 +do, 表示宾补的动作已经完成。

I saw him cross the street. 我看见他过了马路。

I didn?t notice you enter. 我没注意你进来了。

(3) 感官动词 + 宾语 +done, 表示宾语和宾补之间是被动关系。

I found his hands tied to a tree. 我发现他的双手被绑在树上。

He saw the girl bitten by the dog. 他看到那个女孩被狗咬了。

5.fight

(1) vt. 和---作战

We are fighting pollution now. 我们正在和污染作斗争。

(2) vi.

fight against 为反对---而斗争

The slaves fought against the slavery. 奴隶们为推翻奴隶制度而战。

fight for 为（争取）---而斗争

He called on the slaves to fight for freedom. 他号召奴隶们为自由而战。

fight with 同---一起战斗，与---战斗

France fought with Germany in that war. 在那场战争中法国对德国作战。

fight over 因为---而争吵

The twin sisters always fight over toys. 这对双胞胎姐妹经常因为玩具而争吵。

(3) n. 战斗，搏斗

This film is about people?s fight for right. 这部**反映了人民争取自己权利的斗争。

Our country has started a fight against corruption. 我国已经开始了一场反腐败斗争。

(4) fight, war, battle, struggle

fight 意为?战争?，指战争的动作。

They fought back in self-defence. 他们进行了自卫还击。

war 指全面战争，包含多次。

We experienced two world wars in the last century.

上个世纪我们经历了两次世界大战。

battle 战役，指大的、连续数小时数天的战争。

the battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役

struggle 指较长时间的激烈的争斗，常指肉体、精神上的战斗。

They had to struggle for their freedom. 他们不得不为自由而战。

The army struggled against Japanese Imperialist. 这部队与日本帝国主义作斗争。

6.take place, happen, break out

take place 多表示按计划或规定要发生的事情。

happen 常用词，有偶然发生之意。

break out 常指战争、火灾和疾病的爆发。

三个词组都为不及物动词，没有被动语态。

A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。

He was in French when the Second World War broke out. 二战爆发时他在法国。

When did the traffic accident happen?交通事故是什么时候发生的？

Something strange has happened to the chemistry teacher. 化学老师出了点奇怪的事情。

When will the sports meet take place? 运动会什么时候举行？

Great changes have taken place in his hometown since 1980.

从1980年以来他的家乡发生了巨变。

7.destroy vt.破坏，毁灭，毁掉

The school was completely destroyed by fire. 学校被大火彻底烧毁了。

That accident destroyed her ballet career. 那次事故毁掉了她的芭蕾生涯。

destroy表示彻底毁掉，也可用于抽象意义，可指人或物。

damage 通常指车辆、房屋、庄稼等无生命物体受到损伤或毁坏，但往往可以修复。可用作名词。

ruin 表示毁坏某种好的或有用的东西。

The chemical rain damages trees in the forests. 酸雨损害了森林中的树木。

The precious painting was ruined by spilt milk. 洒出来的牛奶毁坏了那幅珍贵的画。

The storm caused great damage to the crops. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。

8.award

(1) 可数名词，主要指?奖品，奖赏，奖金?，有时也指?报酬，工资?。

Meryl Streep won the best actress award. 梅丽尔斯特里普获最佳女演员奖。

The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奥运会冠军的奖品是一枚金牌。

The nurses? pay award was not as much as they had expected.

护士的工资远没有她们预想的那么多。

(2) vt. 给予，授予，判给

Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics.

爱因斯坦因在量子物理学方面的成就而被授予诺贝尔奖。

The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大学给她发了奖学金。

(3) priz 主要用于表示?获得几等奖?或?获奖金额?，常说

win a prize for---

award sb. a prize

reward 可用做名词或动词，指?报答，报偿，奖赏?。

考题链接：

It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to ____.

A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results

答案 A

分析 该句意思为?人们普遍认为小孩子学会做事是因为这些行为会带来奖赏/回报?。

9.owe vt.

(1)欠（债）

If he has borrowed some money from her, and has not paid her back, he owes her the money.

如果他借了她的钱没归还，他就欠她钱。

How much do I owe you? 我欠你多少钱？

We owe our parents a lot. 我们对父母感激不尽。

(2) owe sth. to sb. 感激，把---归功于---

He owes his success to our help. 他把成功归功于我们的帮助。

We owe a great deal to our parents and teachers. 我们深受父母及师长之恩。

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 我现在还活着，应该感激你。

(3) owing to由于，因为

Owing to the rain they could not come. 因为下雨，他们不能来。

Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因为天旱，收成不好。

10.live adj. 活的，生动的，精力充沛的，实况转播的

It wasn?t a recorded show; it was live. 这不是录像，是实况转播。

They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage.

当演出在舞台上进行时他们进行了实况转播。

The concert will be broadcast live. 这次演唱会将进行实况转播。

That is a live fish. 那是一条活鱼。

The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys.

该实验室在用十多只活猴子进行实验。

She is a live woman. 她是一位精力充沛的女人。

live 当?活的?讲时，只修饰动物，如a live mouse, a live snake

11.take off

(1) 脱掉，摘掉（反义词为put on）

I forgot to take off my make-up last night. 我昨天晚上忘了卸妆。

He took off his coat and went to sleep. 他脱下外衣睡觉了。

(2) (飞机)起飞，起跑

As the plane was taking off, I remembered I didn?t turn the iron off.

飞机起飞时，我才想起我没有切断熨斗的电源。

When we went to the airport, the plane had taken off. 我们到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。

(3) 休假，一般说take some time off

I?m taking Thursday off to do some Christmas shopping.

我周四要休假去买一些圣诞礼物。

(4) 开始成功，成名

I hear the business is really taking off. 我听说生意真的开始兴隆了。

Spielberg?s career really took off when he began to shoot his short films.

斯皮尔伯格开始从事短片拍摄时，他的事业真正腾飞了。

(5) take in 吸收，理解；收留

take back 使回忆起；追回

take over 接管，接任

take up 开始从事；占去（时间、空间）；拿起（武器）

高考链接：

(1)It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old. (福建2004)

A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over

(2)Helen always helps her mother even though going to school ______ most of her day.

(广东2004)

A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up

答案

(1) C hand sth. over to sb. ?把---传给某人?

(2) A take up ?占用时间? 《高中英语语法-高三英语知识点综合训练3》由liuxue86.com我整理

高中英语语法固定搭配用法介绍

一：非谓语：（1）形式有三种：动词不定式，动名词，分词。

动词不定式相当于名词，形容词，副词，可做主语，宾语，宾补，表语，定语，状语（即谓语以外的所有句子成分）；动名词相当于名词，可做主语，宾语，表语，定语；分词相当于形容词，副词，可做宾补，表语，定语，状语；

（2）语态：若逻辑主语是动作的发出者，则用主动；若逻辑主语是动作的承受者，则用被动；若逻辑主语既不是动作的发出者也不是承受者，则：动词不定式用独立结构

动名词用复合结构

分词用独立主格结构

举例：A）动词不定式作主语：To finish my homework is my job.

宾语：I want to have a wise brain.

宾补：I want you to attend the meeting.

表语：You job is to earn money.

定语：He is to go to college.

状语：I get up early in order to recite the poem.

独立结构：To tell you the turth,I am a student.

注意：1:有些宾语的不定式有自己的补语，则应用it做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语后置，如：I think it important to study English well.

2:不定式一般不做介词的宾语，除在极少数介词后才行（如but,except），此时动词不定式可带to也可不带to，如：He seldom comes except (to)see my daughter.

B)动名词做主语：Reading is my habbit.

宾语：The old need looking after.

表语：I am reading.

定语：He was looking the hanging picture.

复合结构：Alan's illness accounts for his coming late for school.

注意：1：一些特殊句式，如It is no good(no use,fun,a wast of time)+doing

There is no.....+doing

2:动名词复合结构的一般规则是：逻辑主语是有生命的名词，作主语时，须用名词的所有格形式或形容词性物主代词；作宾语时，可用普通格或人称代词宾格。

C）：分词作宾补：I mind your somking.

表语：The news is encouraging./The glass is broken.

定语：This is a reading room./The book written by him is interesting.

状语：Seen from the top of the mountain,the city is beautiful.

二：虚拟语气：

A):在条件从句中：

1):表示与事实相反 条件从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式

表示现在情况 if+主语+did should/would/could/might+do

表示过去情况 if+主语+had done should/would/could/might+have done

表示将来情况 if+主语+were to do should/would/could/might+do

if+主语+should do

if+主语+did

2):在省略if的条件从句中，从句有were,should,had时，可省略if，而把它们置于主语之前，如：

If I had had time, I would have made an appointment with you.变成Had I have time,I would have an appointment with you.

3):介词without引导的短语可用来代替if引导的虚拟条件从句，如:If there were no water,fish couldn't live.

可由Without water,fish couldn't live.来代替。

4）：错综时间的条件从句，主句和从句的谓语动词要依照设定的时间而定。如：If you had studied hard at that time,you would do it easily now.

B);在宾语从句中

1）：在一些表示“坚持，命令，要求，建议”的词（如insist,command,order,require,request,desire,demand,advise,suggest,propose)后面接的宾语从句用should do,should可省略。

2):wish引导的宾语从句有三种情况：

1，现在：用过去式；

2，过去：用过去完成时；

3，将来：用（would/could)+do。

3）：在would rather引导的宾语从句中

当从句表示现在或将来的时间时，谓语动词用一般过去式；表示过去的时间时，谓语动词要用过去完成时。

C）：在主语从句中

在句型“It is strange/necessary/natural/important/right/pity/sorry+that......”中，that后面从句的谓语动词用：should do。注意：有些过去分词可以当形容词使用，在主语从句中要用虚拟语气，如It is ordered/commanded/required/advised/suggested that we/you /he/ she(should）+do .

D)：在表语从句中

主句的主语常是表示说话人的命令，要求，建议，愿望等的名词（如order,command,requirement,demand,advise,suggestion,wish,desire),表语从句的谓语动词用（should)+do.如:Our suggestion is that you (should）be there on time.

E）：在同位语从句中

同位语从句的先行词常是说话人愿望，建议，要求，命令等的名词。如：We put up with our suggestion that you (should) be there on time.

F):在as if从句中

1）：在as if从句中，常用虚拟语气，即表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式。

2）：当不接虚拟语气时，表示可能或真实的情形。如：It looks as if it is going to rain.

3）：虚拟语气中的几个特例

1，if only 意为：若是……那该多好啊;真希望……；只要，只要……就好了，如:If only I could fly.

2，It's(high)time that……that从句要用虚拟语气：谓语动词用过去式或should do 。如：It's high time that we should go.

3，一些短语，如：but for(要不是），without,otherwise（否则），in that case(如果那样的话），表示含蓄的条件，这是主句要用虚拟语气。如：Without your help,I couldn't finish it on time.

三：倒装句

A):完全倒装：谓语的全部放在主句之前。（此结构常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时）

1)用在there be结构中，此外，在此结构中可用来代替be的动词有exist,seem,happen,appear,hve,rise,stand等。如：There are many students in my classroom.

2):表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如now,then,here,there,up,down,in,away,out等置于句首时，为使生动地描述情景而采用倒装语序，谓语动词常用动语come,go,be,lie,run,rush等。如：Now comes your turn.

注意：当代词作主语时，主谓语序不变。如:Here it is.

3):当句首为表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装。如：From the valley came a frightening sound.

4):为平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，表语置于句首时，倒装结构为：表语+连系动词+主语

1，“形容词+连系动词+主语”如:Present at the meeting were my sister.

2,“过去分词+连系动词+主语”如：Gone are the days when we were poor.

3,“介词短语+be+主语”如：Among the goods are flowers and toys.

B):部分倒装：只把系动词、助动词、情态动词放在主句之前。

1):在疑问句中，如：Can you speak English?

2):用于“never,hardly,seldom,scarely,rarely,barely,little,often,at no time(决不），by no means(绝不），under no circumstances(在任何一种情况下都不),in no case(绝不），in no way(决不）”等含有豆丁意义的副词或连词在句首的句型中。如:Little did he care about his own safety.

3):用于“no sooner....than....,hardly.....when.....,和not until....,not only....but alsol....,neither....nor”的句型中，主句部分用部分倒装。如:Not until the children fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

4):"only+状语"置于句首是要进行部分倒装，状语包括副词，介词短语和状语从句。如：Only then did he realise the importance of English.

5):用于“so/such....that"句型，so/such置于句首时，要部分倒装。如：So fast did he run that I couldn't catch up with him.

6):用于“形容词（或名词，动词）+as (though)"引导的让步状语从句中。如：

Try as you would, you might fail again.

Beautiful as she is,she isn't clever.

Child as he is ,he knows a lot.

7）：用于省略if 的条件状语从句中，把助动词were,had,should提到主语前面。

高考英语考点

高中英语语法固定搭配用法介绍

　1.It’sthe first time that……….(从句中用现在完成时)

　It wasfor the first time that………(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)

　It’s(high) time that……..(从句中用过去时或should do)

　2.It’sthe same with sb. / So it is with sb.表示某人也如此(用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词)

　3. …beabout to do / be doing……when…….正要做/正在做……就在那时…….

　4.A istwice / three times as +原级+as B A是B的两倍/三倍

　A istwice / three times the n. of B. A的…是B的两倍/三倍

　A istwice / three times +比较级+than B A比B多两倍/三倍

　5.It’s awaste of time / money doing / to do…做……浪费时间/金钱

　It’s nouse / good doing……… 做……是没有用的

　It’spossible / probable / (un) likely that………. 很可能……

　It makesgreat / no sense to do……做某事很有/没意义

　6. There’sno use / good doing……. 做……没有用

　There’s no sense / point (in) doing…… 做……没有意义

　There is no need for sth. / to do……. 没有过必要做……

　There is (no) possibility that…………(同位语从句)很可能/没可能……

　7.The+比较级……..,the+比较级………越…….., 越…….

　注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来时;

　8.Itseems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb…….在某人看来某人………

　= Sb.seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done……..

　It seems / looks as if……….好象/似乎……..

　9.It (so)happened that sb. ……..某人碰巧……..

　= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing /to have done…..

　10.It issaid / thought / believed / hoped / supposed …….that sb………

　=Sb. issaid to be / to do / to be doing / to have done……….(注意：这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无hopesb. to do结构)

　12.…….such…….that…….如此…….以致于(引导结果状语从句)

　…….such……..as……像……..的这种……(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表)

　13. Doyou mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.? 你介意我做……吗?

　14. Thechance is that……../ (The )Chances are that……….很可能…….

　15.Check/ Make sure / See to it / See that……..(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必……..

　16.depend on it that……..取决于

　see to it that…….负责/设法做到…….

　注意：除了except / but / in等介词可以直接接that从句，其它介词后必须用it做形式宾语;

　17.It is/ was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+that………

　How /When / Where / Why is / was it that………..?

　注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接;强调主语时，从句后的谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致;注意与定语从句的区别)

　18.How isit that……..(这几个句型都表示“怎么会…….?” “怎么发生的?”)

　How come+从句?

　How does / did sth. come about? ( How did itcome about that…….?)

　如:How come you are late again?

　19. Thereseems / appears / happens to be / must be / can’t be / is (are, was, were) saidto be / is (are, was, were) thought to be…….

　表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 据说有/认为有……..”

　介词(如of )there being

　want /wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有……..

　adj. /adv. enough for there to be…….足够…….会有…….

　注意：there being / there to be为therebe的非谓语形式;It is said / thought that there is / are……=Thereis / was / are / were said (thought) to be……. 如：

　Eg: Ihave never dream of there being such a good chance for me.

　It won’t be cold enough for there to be afrost tonight.

　20. 疑问词+插入语+陈述语序?

　Eg: Whodo you think he’ll have attend the meeting?

　本文就是为大家整理的高中英语语法：固定搭配用法，希望能为大家的学习带来帮助，不断进步，取得优异的成绩。

　快速提升英语阅读，需要养成的.十个好习惯

　1.不要反复浏览。凡是科技读物，一般只须顺着读一遍即可。如有必要，也要等整篇读完之后，再回过头重复某项内容。避免眼睛不断地来回转动。

　2.采用“筛选”式阅读法。有意识地为涉猎专业所需的信息而读。

　3.要默读，不要朗读。发声的阅读是快速法的大敌。

　4.阅读时，视线应与读物成垂直线，并充分发挥视线的“余光”作用，多览到一些内容。

　5.要聚精会神地阅读。必须有“强化”的注意力。

　6.提倡有理解地阅读。阅读时，抓住实质性的关键词。读物的内容实质，正是阅读时应弄通的重点。理解，就是探索出读物的思想意义。

　7.在阅读中，运用要领的基本，有目的地去记。不必去记无关紧要的词句，却要记住作者意图及内容实质。

　8.学会运用多种形式的法，不断提高阅读速度。

　9.经常训练自己的阅读，便能巩固已经取得的成果。

　10.每天阅读的定额标准——在两份报纸，一本杂志 高考，按自己的专业需要，从中吸取相当于普通图书五十至一百页左右的信息。

高考英语语法： 独立主格结构的七种形式

识在于积累、学习在于思考

1

2015

年高考英语语法单选超级归纳

一、冠词

冠词分为不定冠词（

a, an

）

，定冠词（

the

）

，和零冠词。

I.

不定冠词的用法

1

指一类人或事，相当于

a kind of

A plane is a machine that can fly.

2

第一次提及某人某物，非特指

A boy is waiting for you.

有个男孩在等你。

3

表示“每一”相当于

every

one

We study eight hours a day.

4

表示“相同”相当于

the same

We are nearly of an age.

5

用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或

事

—

Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?

—

Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.

A.

不填

B. a

C. the

D. one

That boy is rather a Lei Feng.

（活雷锋）

6

用于固定词组中

a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time

7

用于

quite, rather, many, half, what, such

之后

This room is rather a big one.

8

用于

so(as, too, how)+

形容词之后

She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

9

用于抽象名词具体化的名词前

success(

抽象名词

)

→

a success(

具体化

)

成功的人或事

a failure

失败的人或事

a shame

带来耻辱的人或事

a pity

可惜或遗憾的事

a must

必需必备的事

a good knowledge of

精通掌握某一方面的知识

II.

定冠词的用法

1

表示某一类人或物

In

many

places

in

China,

___

bicycle

is

still

___

popular

means

of

transportation.

A. a; the

B. /; a

C. the; a

D. the; the

2

用于世上独一无二的事物名词前

the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean

3

表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事

Would you mind opening the door?

4

用于演奏乐器

play the violin, play the guitar

5

用于形容词和分词前表示一类人

the reach, the living, the wounded

6

表示“一家人”或“夫妇”

（对比上文的不定冠词用法

5

）

—

Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?

—

Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.

A. the; the

B. the; a

C. /; the

D. the; /

7

用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前

He is the taller of the two children.

8

用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前

the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French

9

用于表示发明物的单数名词前

The compass was invented in China.

10

在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代

in the 1990’s

(

二十世纪九十年代

)

11

用于表示度量单位的名词前

I hired the car by the hour.

12

用于方位名词，身体部位名词

He patted me on the shoulder.

III.

不用冠词（又名零冠词）的用法

1

专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前

Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air

2

名词前有

this, my, whose, some, no, each, every

等限制

I want this book, not that one. /

Whose purse is this?

3

季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前

March, Sunday, National Day, spring

4

表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前

Lincoln was made President of America.

5

表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前

He likes playing football/chess.

6

与

by

连用表示交通方式的名词前

We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving

across ______ continent.

A. the; the

B.

不填；

the

C. the;

不填

D.

不填；不填

7

以

and

连接的两个相对的名词并用时

husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night

知识在于积累、学习在于思考

2

8

表示泛指的复数名词前

Horses are useful animals.

二、

名词和主谓一致

I.

名词的种类

专有名词

普通名词

国名地名人名，团体机构名称

可数名词

不可数名词

个体名词

集体名词

抽象名词

物质名词

特别注意名词类别的相互转换

个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换

例

句

意

义

名词性质

①

She held some flowers in her hand.

②

The trees are now in flower

花儿

个体名词

开花

抽象名词

①

Youth is beautiful.

②

He is a youth of twenty

青春

抽象名词

年轻人

个体名词

①

They have achieved remarkable success in their work.

②

—

How about the Christmas evening party?

—

I should say it was a success.

成功

抽象名词

成功的事

个体名词

物质名词与个体名词的相互转换

例

句

意

义

名词性质

①

Iron is a kind of metal.

②

Please lend me your iron.

铁

物质名词

熨斗

个体名词

①

He broke a piece of glass.

②

He broke a glass.

玻璃

物质名词

玻璃杯

个体名词

①

I bought a chicken this morning

②

Please help yourself to some chicken

小鸡

个体名词

鸡肉

物质名词

抽象名词与个体名词的转换

具有动作意义的抽象名词加用

与某些动词（如：

have

等）连

用，表示某一次短暂的动作

①—

I’d like______information about the management of your hotel,please.

—

Well, you could have____word with the manager. He might be helpful

A.some,a

B.an,some

C.some,some

D.an,a

②

They sent us

word of the latest happenings.

消息

（抽象名词）

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

③

Could we have

word before you go to the meeting?

话（个体名词）

A.a

B.an

C./

D.the

类例：

have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a look

take a walk/a bath

make an advance(

进步

)/make an early start(

早点出发

)

/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(

发出痛苦的叫声

) /give a try

表示知识和时间的抽象名词转

换为普通名词时可以用来表示

其中的一部分

①

Many people agree that___knowledge of English is a must in____international trade today.

A.a,

/

B.the, an

C.the, the

D. /, the

a knowledge of truth(

知道实际情况

)

give a fuller knowledge of China(

提供关于中国更为翔实的知识

)

have a knowledge of shorthand(

有速记的知识

)

②

If there were no examination, we should have______at school.

A.the happiest time

B.a more happier time

C.much happiest time

D.a much happier time

③

is money.

A.The time

B.A time

C.Time

D.Times

抽象名词转换为普通名词可用

来表示“一次、一阵、一种”

具体的行为、事件、现象或结

果。这时名词前往往有形容词

修饰

①

Oh, John. _____you gave me!

A.How a pleasant surprise

B.How pleasant surprise

C.What a pleasant surprise

D. What pleasant surprise

②

She looked up

when I shouted.

A.in a surprise

B.in the surprise

C.in surprise

D.in some surprise

其它例子：

The gift came as a complete surprise to me. We have had some unpleasant surprise

③

It is_____work of art that everyone wants to have a look at it.

A.so unusual

B. such unusual

C.such an unusual

D.so an unusual

II.

名词的数

规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加

-s

或

-es

（参看有关语法书）

。英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，请

看下表

规

则

例

词

1

改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式

man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice

2

单复数相同

sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species

3

只有复数形式

ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents

知识在于积累、学习在于思考

3

4

一些集体名词总是用作复数

people, police, cattle, staff

5

部分集体名词既可以作单数

（整体）

也可以作复数

（成

员）

audience,

class,

family,

crowd,

couple,

group,

committee,

government,

population, crew, team, public, enemy, party

6

复数形式表示特别含义

customs(

海关

),

forces(

军队

),

times(

时代

),

spirits(

情绪

),

drinks(

饮料

),

sands(

沙滩

),

papers(

文件报纸

),

manners(

礼貌

),

looks(

外表

),

brains(

头脑

智力

), greens(

青菜

), ruins(

废墟

)

7

表示

“某国人”

加

-s

Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans

单复数同形

Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese

以

-man

或

-woman

结

尾

的

改

为

-men,-women

Englishmen, Frenchwomen

8

合成名词

将主体名词变为复数

sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends

无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数

grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches

将两部分变为复数

women singers, men servants

III.

主谓一致

规则

情

况

举

例

语

法

一

致

原

则

以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语，

动名词短语或从句作主

语时，

谓语动词一般用单数形式；

主语为复数时，

谓语动词

用复数形式。

His father is working on the farm.

To study English well is not easy.

Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

What he said is very important for us all.

由

what

引导的主语从句，

后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，

但若表语是复数或

what

从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构

时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

what I bought were three English books.

What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.

由连接词

and

或

both

and

连接起来的主语后面，

要用复数

形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物

时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由

and

连接的并列单数

主

语

前

如

果

分

别

有

no,

each,

every

或

more

than

a

(an)/one,many

a

(an)

修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

either, neither, each, every

或

no+

单数名词和由

some, any no,

every

构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。

.

Lucy and Lily are twins

The writer and artist has come.

Every student and every teach is in the classroom.

Many a boy and many a girl likes it.

No boy and no girl likes it.

Each of us has a new book.

Is everyone here today?

Somebody is speaking in class.

Everything around us is matter

若

none

of

后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单

数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可

以。

None of the sugar was left.

None of us has (have) been to America.

在定语从句里，关系代词

that, who, which

等作主语时，其

谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.

He is one of my friends who are working hard.

He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.

在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致

It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.

It is we who are going to the cinema tonight.

如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式；

如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式

The police are looking for the lost child.

The cattle are eating grass in the field.

His family has moved to the south .(

他的一家

)

His family are watching TV.

（他的家人）

Class four is on the third floor.

（四班）

Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.

（四班的学生）

由

a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the

majority

of+

名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数

+

名词构

成的短语作主语时，

其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词

的数而定。

There are a lot of people in the classroom.

Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.

50 percent of the students in our class are girls.

此外，还有

a number of +

复数名词有类似的用法（用复数）

，但

the number of +

复数名词的数就得依

number

而定（用单数）

A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick

apples.

The number of pages in this book is three hundred.

在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致

There comes the bus.

On the wall are many pictures.

Such is the result.

Such are the facts.

Between the two hills stands a monument.

下载文档到电脑，查找使用更方便

5下载券 354人已下载

还剩21页未读，继续阅读

高考英语语法填空必背知识

高考英语语法：独立主格结构的七种形式

　1. 名词（代词）+现在分词

The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后，我们就回家了。

We shall play the match tomorrow, weather permitting. 明天假设天气好，我们就进行比赛。

The monitor being ill, we’d better put the meeting off. 班长病了，我们还是延期开会吧。

2. 名词（代词）+过去分词

The job finished, we went home. 工作结束后我们就回家了。

The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. 最后一班公车已经走了，我们必须走路回家。

More time given, we should have done the job much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。

3. 名词（代词）+不定式

Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week. 如果明天没有人来，我们将把会议推迟到下周。

So many people to help him, he is sure to succeed. 有如此多的人来帮助他，他一定会成功的。

4. 名词（代词）+介词短语

The soldiers dashed in, rifle in hand. 士兵们端着枪冲了进来。

A girl came in, book in hand. 一个少女进来了，手里拿着书。

He was waiting, his eyes on her back. 他在等着，眼睛望着她的背影。

5. 名词（代词）+形容词或副词

He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. 他坐在前排，嘴半开着。

She sat at the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter. 她坐在桌前，衣领已解掉，头低了下来，拿好钢笔，准备开始写一封长信。

6. There being +名词（代词）

There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。

There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。

7. It being +名词（代词）

It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。

It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。

注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上介词with。如：

Don’t sleep with the windows open. 别开着窗睡觉。

He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低着头站在老师面前。

He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。

She came in with a book in her hand. 她手里拿着一本书走了进来。

He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。

I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。

He sat there with his eyes closed. 他闭目坐在那儿。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。

I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了

高中英语语法归纳(详细一点哦，要全哦)

英语高考的时候，不管是单词、 短语 、句型还是语法，都会被考察到，所以考生们一定要全面复习好这些知识。下面是我整理分享的高考英语语法填空必背知识，欢迎阅读与借鉴，希望对你们有帮助!

高考英语语法填空必背知识

一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词

1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播

2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑

3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止

4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅

5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰

6. hang (作“绞死”讲，是规则的;作“悬挂”讲，其过去式过去分词都是hung)

7. lie (作“说谎”讲时，是规则的;作“位于”讲时，其过去式是lay，过去分词是lain)

8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求

9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖

10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌

11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉

12. spread (spread, spread) 传播

13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳

14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎

15. weave (wove, woven) 编织

二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母

双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点，词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。

若把-ing，-er(-est)，-ed添，辅音字母要双写全。

注：两“辅”夹一“元”：指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w，x，y除外)，其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。

1. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认

2. permit (permitted, permitting)允许

3. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔

4. forget (forgotten, forgetting ) 忘记 unforgettable

5. control (controlled, controlling) 控制

6. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现

7. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿

8. refer (referred, referring) 提到

9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备

注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语) 另外注意：destroy (destroyed) employ (employed)

shyer; shyest

三、容易拼写错的数字

1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二

5. twentieth第二十

四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化

1. long—length 长度— lengthen加长

2. wide—width 宽度—widen

3. high—height 高度—heighten

4. strong—strength力量 —strengthen

5.deep—depth—deepen

6. short—shortness—shorten

7.broad—broadness—broaden

8.large—largeness—enlarge

五、以-ic结尾的动词，应先把-ic变为-ick，再加ing或ed

1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐

2.panic (panicked, panicked) a./ v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安

六、个别名词的'复数拼写

1. German (Germans) 德国人

2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾

3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕

4. hero (英雄)，potato (土豆)，tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。

5. roof (roofs) 房顶

6. stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)

七、常用复数形式

1. headphones (耳机), trousers (裤子),sunglasses (太阳镜), scissors (剪刀), compasses (圆规)

2. noodles, vegetables, snacks小吃, 快餐,

3. make friends with 与...交朋友,in high/low spirits (情绪高涨/低落), have sports (进行体育活动)。

4. congratulations (祝贺)。

5. celebrations (庆祝),

八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化

1. succeed—success成功

2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音

3. explain—explanation解释

4. decide—decision 决定

5. enter—entrance进入

6. permit—permission 允许

7. refuse—refusal 拒绝

8. consider—consideration 考虑

9. discover—discovery 发现

10. bury—burial 埋葬

11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论

12. arrive—arrival 到达

13. weigh—weight 重量

14.press--pressure压力

九、注意去不去e

possible—possibly 可能的 argue—argument judge—judgment

value—valuable courage—courageous

高考英语语法填空必背知识相关 文章 ：

★ 高考英语语法填空进行时态知识点与必记的单词

★ 高考英语语法填空考点总结

★ 英语高考语法填空《英语语法手册》知识点

★ 高考英语语法填空一般时态知识点与训练题

★ 高考英语语法填空动词知识点与语法填空题与答案

★ 高考英语语法填空副词知识点与练习题

★ 高考英语语法填空解题策略

★ 英语高考语法填空规律总结与练习题

★ 高考英语语法填空技巧整理

★ 高考英语语法填空比较级知识点与强化训练题

怎么学英语语法，，，高考使用

链接:

高中英语语法主要有、名词性从句、It用法及其句型、省略现象、主谓一致、动词不定式、倒装结构、定语从句、被动语态、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句、名词等。

日期：2015年9月1日

了解英语语法规则是学好英语的首要途径及重要关键

精通英文三大要素：①语音+②语法+③词汇

★ ★★序言：英语语法：①词法+②句法

① 词法：研究的是各种词的形式及其用法

②句法：研究的句子成分，语序，语气，语态，结构，以及句子的种类

★★★词法中的10大词性：

实词：具有完整意思并在句子中可独立担任句子某个成分的词叫实词

虚词：不具有完整意思不能独立担任句子成分词叫虚词

实词：① 名词；②动词；③形容词；④数词；⑤副词；⑥代词

虚词：① 冠词；②感叹词；③介词；④连词

★ ★★句法中的11大句子成分：

5大主要成分：⑴主语 ⑵谓语 ⑶宾语 ⑷表语 ⑸补语

6个次要成分：⑹定语 ⑺状语语 ⑻同位语⑼称呼语 ⑽插入语⑾感叹语

一10大词性的分类/定义/用法

词是组成句，篇，章的最基本元素，英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类，可以归纳成十种。

英语名称

定义（作用） /以及相关例句

例词

名词

Noun（n.）

定义：表示人或事物，地点，以及抽象等概念的名称的词（表示宇宙万事万物的名称的词）

① The book is so interesting .

这本书很有趣

② China is a great country .

中国是一个伟大的国家

③ I have a beautiful desk 我有一张漂亮书桌.

④ I have some bread 我有一些面包.

⑤ There is much meat in the fridge.

冰箱里有很多肉

China 中国（专有名词）

长城the Great Wall

书book;（可数名词）

桌子desk（可数名词）

student学生（可数名词）

rice米饭（不可数名词）

milk牛奶（不可数名词）

bread面包（不可数名词）

water 水（不可数名词）

meat肉（不可数名词）

代词

Pronoun (pron.)

用来代替人或者事物的词等

① This is my mother and that is my father

这个是我妈妈,那个是我爸爸

② These are books and those are pens

这些是书那些是钢笔.

③ I am from China and you are from USA

我I ,你you ,她she，

他he；我的my；

你的your；他的his

我自己myself, himself

this 这，these这些；

that那，those那些

数词

Numeral (num.)

表示数量或顺序的词.

① I have two apples .我有两个苹果

② This is the second apple 这是第二个苹果

③ I want the third apple我想要第三个苹果

④ Tom is his father’s fourth child

汤姆是他爸爸的第四个孩子.

⑤ There are forty five students in our class

我们班有45个学生.

one一; first第一

two二，第二second

three三， 第三third

four 四 fourth 第四

five 五 fifth 第五

six 六 ， sixth 第六

seven 七, seventh 第七

eight 八, eighth 第八

形容词

Adjective（adj.）

用来修饰名词表示人或事物的特点，特征，性质.①This is a safe place 这是一个安全地方

②That is a dangerous place 那是个危险地方

③This is a beautiful house 这是栋漂亮房子

④He is a great man 他是一个伟大的人.

⑤ My father is handsome 我爸爸很英俊.

⑥ Pigs are ugly 猪是丑陋的.

safe安全的;

great伟大的

dangerous危险的,

beautiful 漂亮的

handsome 英俊的

ugly丑陋的（形容词一般作表语，定语，补语.）

冠词

Article (art.)

用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物的词①This is an apple 这是一个苹果.（表示泛指）

②That is a pen 那是一支钢笔.（表示泛指）

③The book is mine 这书是我的书.（表示特指）

④.The book has a red cover.（前特指，后数量）

这个书有一个红色的封面 .

⑤ She slept for an hour 她睡了1小时（表数量）

⑥She takes the medicine twice a day

她每天吃两次药（a 表示每一相当于each,every）

不定冠词an

用在元音发音单词前表示一个：（表示泛指;数量;每一）

不定冠词a，表示泛指,数量;每一）

用在辅音发音的单词前表示一个

the（这个，那个）特指.

动词

Verb (v.)

表示人或事物的动作或状态的词.

①Tom eats a lot of food every day

汤姆每天都要吃很多东西

③ We often speak English in class

我们经常在课堂上讲/说英文.

④ I saw a moving movie yesterday

我昨天看了一部感人的**

eat吃; have有;run跑

sing 唱歌

play打/玩/弹奏

walk行走*步行

see 看见/明白

hear听见

speak说话/讲话

副词

Adverb (adv.)

用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作或形状的特性；特征以及特点的词.

例如：She speaks quickly 她说话快

例如：Tom walks slowly 汤姆走路慢

例如：He is so tall 他很高

例如：He often goes to the park.

他经常去公园.

hard艰苦地;

early早地

carefully仔细地

quickly快速地

here这里；那里there

often经常；

always总是，一直

介词

Preposition (prep.)

用在名词、代词等前面，说明句子中词与词之间的一种空间和时间上的方位关系的词The cat under the bed is sleeping

床下面的那只猫正在睡觉

① The book on the table is red

桌子上的那本书是红色的

② There is a big tree behind our house

在我们家房子后面有一棵大树.

④There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom(在教室前面有一块黑板)

in在...里；on在…上面

behind 在…后面

in front of 在..前面

above 在… 斜上面

below 在..斜下面

over 在…正上面

under..在..正下面

in the front of..

在…内部的前面位置

连词

Conjunction (conj.)

用来连接词、短语或以及句子的词

① Tom and I are in the same class.

汤姆和我在同一个班

② He is very clever, but he is so lazy

他很聪明，但是他很懒惰

③ Did you go to Beijing by train or by plane

你是乘坐火车还是飞机去的北京？

④ Are you a teacher or a doctor ?

你是一个医生还是一个老师？

and和; （表示并列）

but但是；（表转折）

or 或者，还是（表选择）

for 表示原因.由于..

because 表示原因

因为..

since 自从…

if 表示条件，如果..

感叹词

Interjection (interj.)

表示说话时的强烈情感或口气的词

Oh my God..! That plane crashed

Hello喂; why呃，嘿；oh哦，aha 啊哈

第一章名词

名词学习7大要点

1名词定义：表示人，事物，地方，以及抽象概念名称的词

2名词分类：可分为①专有名词+ ②普通名词

3名词单复数：单数变为复数共计13种变化规则，一定要牢记

4名词所有格：①表示所有；②时间； ③现象；④国家；⑤等量；⑥主谓；⑦动宾；⑧修饰；⑨同位；⑩固定搭配以及人类活动

5名词的修饰词：①可数名词修饰词；②不可数名词修饰词

6名词的性别：①阳性词；②阴性词

7名词在句中中当各种成分①主语；②表语；③宾语；④定语；⑤补语；⑥同位语；⑦状语；⑧称呼语

备注：①②③⑥ 是名词主要用法，因此可以引出4种以后要学习名词性从句 ①主语从句；②表语从句；③宾语从句；④同位语从句

第一章（名词）

一名词的定义及种类

名词是表示人、事物，地点以及抽象概念的名称的词。名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。

① 表示人的名称：Tom; Mary; Jack; Tony

② 表示事物名称：pen; apple ; book ; door

③ 表示地点名称：Beijing; Shanghai; Guangzhou;

④ 表示抽象名称：peace和平; happiness幸福; sadness悲伤

6大实词充当句子各种成分精讲

充当句子各种成分不同形式归纳

日期：2015年9月1日

一六大实词充当句子不同成分

一名词 表示人，事物，地点，以及抽象概念名称的词叫名词

①作主语

Honesty is the best policy.诚实是上策

Knowledge is power.知识就是力量

People can talk face to face. 人们可以面对面谈话.

Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都.

These books will make a lot of patients feel happy.这些书使很多病人感觉很开心.

The bag is in the desk.

Her handwriting is the best in her class.

Water freezes below zero.

No news is good news.

No man can do two things at once.

The apple is red

备注：名词化形容词也可以作主语

The sick and the old need our help.

The wounded should be sent to hospital at once

②作宾语

She likes English very much. 她非常喜欢英语.

He loves his family very much. 她非常爱他的家人.

Chinese people eat with chopsticks.中国人用筷子吃饭.

If you don’t make money, no one is going to give it to you.

How can we practice our spoken English?

I washed my clothes yesterday.

Mary lives with her parents.

Many people died from the accident.

The skirt is made of silk

Teenagers today are facing lots of pressure.

You are supposed to focus your attention on your own work.

③作表语

English is an international language. 英语是一门国际语言.

This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是一本英汉字典.

My father is a famous scientist. 我爸爸是一名著名科学家.

My mother is a housewife.

She remained an assistant for several years.

Today is Sunday.

This is a good book.

Mary has become a lawyer.

Water shortage is still the biggest problem in western China

④作同位语

One of my good friends, Tom, is also there.

我的其中一位好朋友，汤姆，也在那里.

We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and an American.

This is my eldest daughter, Mary这是我的大女儿，玛丽.

Jack, an American people, is our English teacher.

捷克，一个美国人，是我们的英语老师.

A young man once asked Albert Einstein, the great scientist, what the secret of success is .

We teenagers should face the difficulty bravely.

Our monitor ，Jack ，is a good student.

The small desks and chairs are for us students.

Mr Zhang, our manager , has gone to Beijing.

Bird flu, a new disease, has no effective cure.

⑤补足语（宾语补足语）

We call the boy Tom.我们叫这个男孩子汤姆.

The boy is called Tom by us.(主语补足语）

They call the girl Mary.他们叫这个女孩玛丽

=The girl is called Mary by them.

We all call him Captain Sun.我们叫他为孙船长

The parents named their son Mike.父母给他们的孩子取名麦克

We elected him our monitor.我们选他做我们班长.

He was appointed secretary.他被任命为秘书.

He regarded me as his best friend.他把我看作他最好的朋友.

He was elected monitor of our class.他被选作我们班长.

We are making our school a beautiful garden. 我们正在使我们学校变成一个漂亮花园.

Mike is considered as a good monitor. 迈克被认为是一个好班长.

We are sparing no effort to make our country a developed country.

Charlie Chaplin is considered a great actor, director and editor.

⑥作定语

This is a stone table.这是一张石头桌子

The apple tree is very tall.这棵苹果树非常高

There are thirty women teachers and twenty men teachers.

Tom is playing computer games in the room.

This is a dress shop.

She likes reading war stories.

This is a gold watch

In the south of China, there are many banana trees.

The old man suffered from heart trouble

She likes helping her mother with farm work.她喜欢帮助他们妈妈做农活.

⑦作状语

The storm lasted thirty minutes.这个暴风雨持续了30分钟.

The box weighs fifty kilograms这个箱子重50公斤.

She weighs one hundred pounds.

We should serve people heart and soul.

The meeting lasted two hours.

They study hard day and night

The meeting lasted an hour.

Come this way

⑧作称呼语

Will Aunt come to us, Daddy?

Come on, friend.

Mum, Can you give me something to eat? I am so hungry

Hurry, kids

Open the door, Wei Fang.

I am coming to answer the door, mum.

Ladies and gentlemen, I have got an important announcement to make.

Hi, everyone! Allow me to introduce myself.(代词作称呼语）

Look out, John! There is a car running over